不同景观尺度对杨盾蚧种群空间分布的影响分析  

Analysis of the Influence of Different Landscape Scales on the Spatial Distribution of Diaspidiotusslavonicus’s Population

作　　者：付园园 蒋萍[1] 刘爱华[2] 张静文[2] 岳朝阳[2] 田呈明[3] FU Yuan-yuan;JIANG Ping;LIU Ai-hua;ZHANG Jing-wen;YUE Zhao-yang;TIAN Cheng-ming(College of Forestry&Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Institute of Forest Ecology,Xinjiang Academy of Forestry Sciences,Urumqi 830063,China;College of Forest,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆林业科学院森林生态研究所,乌鲁木齐830063 [3]北京林业大学林学院,北京100083

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2019年第11期2043-2053,共11页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家“十三五”重点研发专项(2017YFD0600105-01);自治区林业科技项目“新疆森林资源生态质量与生态效益动态监测评估”~~

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同景观尺度(不同景观结构/不同生境)下杨盾蚧种群空间格局差异,为合理配置景观要素组成、进行杨盾蚧防控工作提供理论基础。【方法】利用ArcGIS进行景观要素分类,计算景观指数,基于GS利用地统计学建立空间模型。【结果】不同景观半变异函数模型各不相同,其中高斯模型(LS1)与指数模型(LS5)存在显著性差异;景观多样性指数与景观均匀度指数对杨盾蚧的空间分布无直接影响,平均面积周长比与杨盾蚧的平均虫口密度呈现负相关。不同生境中,杨盾蚧种群均呈现聚集性,建立的半方差函数模型分别符合高斯模型和指数模型。在林地生境中,杨盾蚧种群平均虫口密度较小,空间上存在较高的连续性,变异能力较弱;在农田边缘生境中,平均虫口密度较大,空间变异能力较强,聚集性也较强。【结论】人工(农耕、灌溉、除草等)干扰造成景观破碎化,景观要素的组成与配置的共同影响一定程度上控制了杨盾蚧种群的扩散与发展。【Objective】The differences of spatial pattern of Diaspidiotusslavonicus(Green)population under different landscape scales(different landscape structures/different habitat)were studied in the hope of providing a theoretical basis for the rational allocation of landscape elements and the prevention and control of the insect in the future.【Method】ArcGIS was used to classify landscape elements,and calculated the landscape indexes,and based on GS,spatial model was established by geostatistics.【Result】The semi-variation function models of different landscapes are different,in which the Gaussian model(LS1)was significantly different from the exponential model(LS5).Landscape diversity index and landscape uniformity index had no direct effect on the spatial distribution of D.slavonicus,but the average area perimeter ratio was negatively correlated with the average insect population density.The population of D.slavonicus showed aggregation in different habitats,and the semi-variance function models were in accordance with the Gaussian and exponential models respectively.Moreover,under the woodland habitat,the average population density of D.slavonicus population was small,there was high continuity in space,and the variation ability was weak.Under the farmland fringe habitat,the average population density was large,and the spatial variability was strong and the patial aggregation was also strong.【Conclusion】The artificial interference(agriculture,watering,weeding,etc.)caused the landscape to be fragmented.The combination of the composition and configuration of landscape elements has controlled the diffusion and development of D.slavonicus to a certain extent.However,the rational configuration of the composition needs experimental exploration.

关 键 词：杨盾蚧 地统计学 空间分布 景观结构 不同生境 

分 类 号：S432[农业科学—植物病理学]