不同水头下混流式水轮机尾水管内流动特性分析  

Analysis of draft tube flow characteristics of francis turbine under different heads

作　　者：史广泰[1,2] 李金 徐清清 朱玉枝 SHI Guangtai;LI Jin;XU Qingqing;ZHU Yuzhi(Key Laboratory of Fluid and Power Machinery,Ministry of Education,Xihua University,Chengdu 610039,China;School of Energy and Power Engineering,Xihua University,Chengdu 610039,China)

机构地区：[1]西华大学流体及动力机械教育部重点实验室,四川成都610039 [2]西华大学能源与动力工程学院,四川成都610039

出　　处：《人民长江》2019年第12期177-181,共5页Yangtze River

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金特别资助项目(2017T100077);中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目(2016M600090);西华大学重点科研基金资助项目(Z1510417);四川省教育厅科研项目资助(重点项目)(172470)

摘　　要：尾水管内涡带引起的不稳定流会影响水轮发电机组的安全运行。为了深入研究尾水管内的流动特性,以福堂水电站混流式水轮机为研究对象,基于标准的k-ε湍流模型,在不同工况下对其进行全流道数值模拟,以分析不同水头下尾水管内部的流动特性。研究结果表明:在100%开度下,尾水管进口段存在着明显的负压区,随着水头的增加,负压区逐渐增大。当水头达到最大水头时,负压区出现了螺旋状分布,即在这部分区域形成了空化涡带,这种现象将导致水轮发电机组出现较大的振动。The unstable flow caused by vortex in the draft tube has impact on the safe operation of hydraulic turbines.For the further study of the flow characteristics in the draft tube,this paper took the francis turbine of Futang Hydropower Station as the research object,and numerical simulation of the whole flow passage of francis turbine under different working conditions were carried out using a standard k-εturbulence model to analyze flow characteristics in the draft tube under different heads.The results show that:the negative pressure areas were found at entrance of draft tube when the guide vane was fully open,the negative pressure areas expanded gradually with the increase of heads;pressure were distributed spirally under the maximum head,i.e.,the cavitation vortex formed in the negative pressure areas,which may lead to relatively strong vibration of hydroelectric generating units.

关 键 词：流动特性 运行稳定性 尾水管 空化涡带 混流式水轮机 福堂水电站 

分 类 号：TV734.1[水利工程—水利水电工程]