夏季大西洋Niňo基本特征及其与中国夏季降水异常的联系  

Basic characteristics of summer Atlantic Niňo and its association with summer rainfall anomaly in China

作　　者：李忠贤[1] 余滔 曾刚[1] 邓伟涛[1] 王健治 吴玲玲 LI Zhongxian;YU Tao;ZENG Gang;DENG Weitao;WANG Jianzhi;WU Lingling(Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster,Ministry of Education(KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change(ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD),Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Meteorological Observatory of Xiamen Air Traffic Management Bureau,Civil Aviation Administration of China,Xiamen 361006,China;Department of Social Sciences Education,Nanjing Institute of Railway Technology,Nanjing 210031,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室/气候与环境变化国际联合实验室/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,江苏南京210044 [2]中国民用航空局厦门空中交通管理站气象台,福建厦门361006 [3]南京铁道职业技术学院社会科学教学部,江苏南京210031

出　　处：《大气科学学报》2019年第6期835-844,共10页Transactions of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41575102; 41575085);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2013CB430202);江苏省高等学校自然科学研究项目(18KJB170008)

摘　　要：利用NCEP-DOE AMIP-Ⅱ再分析资料、Hadley中心海表温度资料以及全国160站降水资料,运用经验正交函数(Empirical Orthogonal Function,EOF)分解和回归分析等方法,研究了夏季大西洋Nino的变化特征及其与中国夏季降水异常的联系。结果表明:夏季大西洋Nino是热带大西洋海温异常的第一EOF模态,其方差贡献率为33.7%,具有明显的年际变化特征。当夏季大西洋Nino处于暖位相时,对流层低层西北太平洋地区出现明显的异常反气旋,受其影响,西太平洋副热带高压强度增强、位置西伸,中国华南地区出现显著的西南风异常,有利于西太平洋副热带高压西南侧的水汽向中国长江流域及其以北地区输送,使中国长江流域和华北地区降水增多,而中国东南沿海地区则受西北太平洋异常反气旋控制,不利于降水发生;反之亦然。Based on the National Centers for Environmental Prediction-Department of Energy(NCEP-DOE)Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project Phase-Ⅱ(AMIP-Ⅱ)reanalysis data,the sea surface temperature data of Hadley Center and the observed rainfall data of 160 stations in China during 1979-2014,this paper investigated variation of summer Atlantic Nino and its association with summer rainfall anomaly in China by using the empirical orthogonal function(EOF)analysis and regression analysis methods.Results suggest that the summer Atlantic Nino is the first EOF mode of SST anomalies in the tropical Atlantic Ocean,with a variance contribution rate of 33.7%and an obvious interannual variation.When the Atlantic Nino is in the warm phase in summer,there is an obvious anomalous anticyclone in the lower troposphere over the western North Pacific.Under the influence of the anticyclone,the western Pacific subtropical high enhances and extends westward,and the southwest wind anomaly appears in South China,which is conducive to the water vapor transport from the Southwest side of the western Pacific subtropical high to the Yangtze River Basin and its north area,so the precipitation in the Yangtze River Basin and North China increases,while the southeast coastal area of China is controlled by the anomalous anticyclone over the western North Pacific,which is not conducive to the occurrence of precipitation,and vice versa.

关 键 词：大西洋Nino EOF分解 中国夏季降水 西北太平洋异常反气旋 西太平洋副热带高压 

分 类 号：P73[天文地球—海洋科学]