原位统计分布分析在焊接结构用大壁厚钢铸件应用性能评价中的应用  

Application of original position statistic distribution analysis technique in application performance evaluation of heavy wall-thickness steel casting for welded structure

作　　者：王志鹏[1] WANG Zhi-Peng(Navy Armament Department,Beijing100841,China)

机构地区：[1]海军装备部

出　　处：《冶金分析》2019年第12期16-24,共9页Metallurgical Analysis

摘　　要：大壁厚钢铸件广泛应用于超大型焊接工程结构中,提高大壁厚钢铸件的冶金质量是确保结构安全的重要保证。为加强今后大壁厚钢铸件生产过程中的冶金质量控制,采用金属原位统计分布分析技术和热模拟技术对边长为1000mm的方形铸件进行元素分布测定及热模拟试验,并对铸件的力学性能、金相组织进行了分析,以进行使用性能评价研究。发现距离表面110mm附近存在偏析带,C、Mn、Si、P均有不同程度的富集,而含Al夹杂物较少。铸件四分之一厚度处存在明显的负偏析区。铸件心部则存在较明显的中心疏松和正偏析,同时也存在主要含Al、Ti等元素的夹杂物富集。试验结果表明溶质元素C偏析造成了铸件在不同位置连续转变曲线和拉伸性能的明显差异,并会对焊接性造成影响。金属原位统计分布分析技术可以全面反映铸件的元素偏析情况,从而更有针对性地做好质量控制措施。The heavy wall-thickness steel casting were widely used in super-large welded engineering structures.The improvement of metallurgical quality for heavy wall-thickness steel casting was important to guarantee the structure safety.For the purpose of enhancing metallurgical quality control in production process of heavy wall-thickness steel casting in future,the metal original position statistic distribution analysis and thermodynamic simulation techniques were employed to conduct the elemental distribution determination and thermodynamic simulation test using the quadrate casting with side length of 1000 mm.Moreover,the mechanical properties and metallographic structure of the casting were also analyzed in order to evaluate application performance.It was found that a segregated band existed in casting steel with distance of110 mm from the surface.The various degree of enrichment of C,Mn,Si and P were observed.However,there were few inclusions containing Al.An obvious negative segregation band existed about a quarter of wall thickness away from casting surface.The central porosity and segregation were obvious in the center of steel casting.Meanwhile,the inclusions rich in Al and Ti were also observed.The results showed that the segregation of C caused obvious difference of continuous transition curve and tensile property of casting in different positions,which had influence on the weldability.The metal original position statistic distribution analysis technique could comprehensively reflect the elemental segregation in casting,thus to specifically take quality control measures.

关 键 词：大壁厚钢铸件 成分偏析 冶金质量 原位统计分布分析(OPA) 应用性能评价 

分 类 号：O657.31[理学—分析化学]