广东主要水产养殖地区气单胞菌耐药状况的调查分析  

Antimicrobial resistance of Aeromonas isolates from aquaculture areas in Guangdong

作　　者：邓玉婷 谭爱萍[1] 张瑞泉[1] 赵飞[1] 姜兰[1] DENG Yu-ting;TAN Ai-ping;ZHANG Rui-quan;ZHAO Fei;JIANG Lan(Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology,Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology,Guangzhou 510380,China;Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100141,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所/农业农村部渔用药物创制重点实验室/广东省免疫技术重点实验室,广州510380 [2]农业农村部水产品质量安全控制重点实验室,北京100141

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2019年第11期2375-2383,共9页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-46);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费专项(2017HY-ZD1004);中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所基本科研业务费专项(2018SJ-YB04)

摘　　要：【目的】了解广东主要水产养殖地区气单胞菌的耐药状况,为评估水产养殖中的细菌耐药性风险提供科学依据。【方法】2014—2016年每年7—9月分别对广东佛山、肇庆、韶关和阳江等4市6区(县)16个养殖户共20个池塘(均为无发病史池塘)进行动物样品及环境样品采集,分离纯化气单胞菌,然后采用微量二倍稀释法测定分离菌株对14种抗菌药物的敏感性。【结果】从采集的590份样品中分离纯化获得1143株气单胞菌,鉴定为8个种,分别为维氏气单胞菌(Aeromonas veronii,占60.28%)、简达气单胞菌(A.jandaei,占18.11%)、温和气单胞菌(A.sobria,占7.96%)、嗜水气单胞菌(A.hydrophila,占7.09%)、豚鼠气单胞菌(A.caviae,占5.86%)、达卡气单胞菌(A.dhakensis,占0.35%)、A.simiae(占0.26%)和舒伯特气单胞菌(A.schubertii,占0.09%)。1143株分离菌株对14种抗菌药物的敏感性表现不一,其中,对氨苄西林的耐药率最高(97.81%),对磺胺间甲氧嘧啶和萘啶酸中度耐药(69.55%和46.72%),对其他11种抗菌药物相对敏感,耐药率均在20.00%以下。豚鼠气单胞菌的多重耐药率最高(25.37%),其次是嗜水气单胞菌(11.11%),温和气单胞菌、简达气单胞菌和维氏气单胞菌对各类抗菌药物相对敏感,多重耐药率分别为2.20%、1.93%和1.74%。畜禽粪便分离菌株的多重耐药率较高(10.53%),其次是鱼组织分离菌株(5.88%),而池塘水和底泥分离菌株相对敏感,多重耐药率分别为3.35%和1.95%。畜禽—鱼复合养殖模式和非复合养殖模式气单胞菌分离菌株均对新霉素完全敏感,但前者对其他13种药物的耐药率均高于后者;高密度养殖杂交鳢及复合养殖模式下团头鲂和麦鲮源分离菌株的耐药率较高,而一些经济价值相对较低的品种如罗非鱼和草鱼,其分离菌株多重耐药率较低。【结论】广东主要水产养殖地区气单胞菌耐药率总体水平不高,耐药程度与养殖水平、用药习惯及养殖模式�【Objective】Antimicrobial resistance of Aeromonas isolates from aquaculture areas in Guangdong was studied to provide reference for evaluating risks of antimicrobial resistance in aquaculture.【Method】Aeromonas samples from animals and aquatic environment were collected at 20 ponds from 16 farmers in 6 districts(counties),4 cities(Foshan,Zhaoqing,Shaoguan and Yanguan)in Guangzhou from July to September during 2014 to 2016.Aeromonaswere isolated and purified,all the isolates were tested for resistance to 14 antimicrobial agents by two-fold micro dilution method.【Result】Five hundred and ninety samples were collected and a total of 1143 Aeromonas isolates were isolated and identified.Eight species were identified,they were A.veronii(60.28%),A.jandaei(18.11%),A.sobria(7.96%),A.hydrophila(7.09%),A.caviae(5.86%),A.dhakensis(0.35%),A.simiae(0.26%)and A.schubertii(0.09%).Diversity of susceptibilities of 1143 Aeromonas isolates to 14 antimicrobial agents was determined.Aeromonas isolates showed highest resistance to ampicillin(97.81%),and medium resistance to sulfanilamide and nalidixic acid,whose resistance rates were 69.55%and 46.72%,respectively.The isolated were susceptible to the other 11 drugs with resistance rate all being below 20.00%.Multi-drug resistance of A.caviae was the highest(25.37%),followed by A.hydrophila(11.11%),A.sobria,A.jandaei and A.veronii were sensitive to all the drugs,with multi-drug resistance rates being 2.20%,1.93%and 1.74%.The isolates from livestock feces had high multi-drug resistance rate(10.53%),followed by isolates from fish tissue(5.88%).The isolates from pond water and sediment were susceptible with multi-drug resistance rates being 3.35%and 1.95%.Comparing different types of aquaculture systems,the isolates collected from the livestock-fish integrated breeding and non-integrated farming were all susceptible to neomycin,but the resistance to other 13 drugs of isolates from livestockfish integrated breeding was higher than the non-integrated farming.The isolates from the hyb

关 键 词：气单胞菌 抗菌药物 耐药性 水产养殖地区 广东 

分 类 号：S917.1[农业科学—水产科学]