Ku波段地海杂波极化特性实验与分析  

The experiments and analysis of polarization characteristics of the ground and sea clutters at Ku band

作　　者：张晓峰 王莉 殷国东 宋立众 ZHANG Xiaofeng;WANG Li;YIN Guodong;SONG Lizhong(Beijing Institute of Remote Sensing Equipment,Science and Technology on Millimeter-wave Laboratory,Beijing 100039,China;School of Information and Electrical Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Weihai 264209,China)

机构地区：[1]北京遥感设备研究所毫米波遥感技术重点实验室,北京100039 [2]哈尔滨工业大学(威海)信息科学与工程学院,威海264209

出　　处：《电波科学学报》2019年第6期676-686,共11页Chinese Journal of Radio Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFB0502900);哈尔滨工业大学(威海)教育教学改革研究项目(BKJY201911)

摘　　要：目标极化特性是全极化雷达导引头信号算法的重要先验知识,开展地海杂波极化特性的理论与实验研究对极化导引头的研制意义重大.地海杂波的时频域和极化域统计特性是设计雷达导引头抗干扰算法的基础.基于本实验室研制的Ku波段双极化平板裂缝天线,在山东莱州地区某实验现场,开展了垂直和水平极化基下地海杂波频域和极化域实验研究,获取了大量的全极化回波实验数据.文中重点从极化度、极化不变量和极化分解探索给定条件下的地海杂波极化特性,并进行了实验数据的处理和分析.在Ku波段,三种典型环境下的杂波具有较高的极化度,极化特征明显,且杂波的极化特性随频率变换明显,表现出极化对频率的敏感特性;三种杂波的极化不变量存在显著差别,且随着频率显著变化;数据的极化分解结果验证了三种杂波均存在主散射机制.地海杂波实验研究结果为设计雷达导引头中极化滤波和极化识别算法提供了重要基础,测试数据也可为工程实践提供应用参考.The target polarization characteristic is an important prior knowledge of signal algorithm of polarization radar seeker.It is of great significance to study the polarization characteristic of ground-sea clutter theoretically and experimentally for the development of polarization seeker.Statistical characteristics of ground-sea clutter in time-frequency domain and polarization domain are the basis of designing anti-jamming algorithm for radar seeker.Based on the Ku-band dual-polarized planar slot antenna developed by our laboratory,the frequency domain and polarization domain experiments of ground-sea clutter under vertical and horizontal polarization were carried out at a test site in Laizhou,Shandong Province,and a large number of experimental data of fully polarized echoes were obtained.The polarization of ground-sea clutter under given conditions was explored in terms of polarization degree,polarization invariant and polarization decomposition.The experimental data are processed and analyzed.In Ku band,the clutters in three typical environments basically have high polarization and obvious polarization characteristics.The polarization characteristics of the clutter are obviously changed with frequency transformation,which show the sensitivity of polarization to frequency.The polarization invariants of the three clutters are significantly different,and change significantly with frequency.The polarization decomposition results of the data verify the existence of the main scattering mechanism of the three clutters.The experimental results of ground-sea clutter provide an important basis for the design of polarization filtering and polarization recognition algorithm in radar seeker,and the test data also provide an application reference for engineering practice.

关 键 词：雷达导引头 极化雷达 地海杂波 极化度 极化不变量 极化分解 

分 类 号：TN957.5[电子电信—信号与信息处理]