水稻—油菜轮作土壤拮抗立枯丝核菌的筛选和鉴定  

Screening and Identification of Antagonistic Rhizoctonia solani under Rice-Rape Rotation

作　　者：杨敬林[1,3] 张立成 廖健程 丁鑫 程哲[1] 罗东城 YANG Jing-lin;ZHANG Li-cheng;LIAO Jian-cheng;DING Xin;CHENG Zhe;LUO Dong-cheng(College of Engineering,Hunan Agricultural University,Hunan Changsha 410128,China;Soil and Fertilizer Institute,Fujian Academy of Agriculture Science,Fujian Fuzhou 350013,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Paddy Crop and Oil Crops in Southern,Hunan Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学工学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,福建福州350013 [3]南方粮油作物协同创新中心,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2019年第11期2530-2534,共5页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“耕作层土壤中水气含量调控及变化机理研究”(31401951);湖南省研究生科研创新项目“稻-稻-油菜轮作土壤拮抗土传病菌的筛选和鉴定”(CX2017B364)

摘　　要：【目的】水稻—油菜轮作是防治土传病害的重要栽培管理措施。为了分离筛选出轮作土壤中对立枯丝核菌产生拮抗作用的细菌。【方法】通过对已确定出的病原真菌立枯丝核菌进行平板培养和拮抗试验。应用平板对峙法将水稻-油菜轮作土壤分离出的菌株接种至含立枯丝核菌的平板中培养筛分拮抗菌株,并对具有拮抗作用的菌株进行生理生化试验和16S rDNA序列分析。【结果】从长期水稻—油菜轮作实验田土壤中筛分出77株细菌,试验发现四株分离菌株具有明显拮抗立枯丝核菌的作用。应用现代分子生物学技术和微生物生理生化鉴定方法对拮抗立枯丝核菌进行鉴定,鉴定结果发现两株拮抗菌株为弯曲芽胞杆菌(Bacillus flexus),另两株为枯草芽胞杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)。【结论】研究结果为揭示水稻-油菜轮作下土壤微生物防治土传病害机制及功能微生物菌株的拮抗效应与潜力提供了科学依据。【Objective】The prevention of soil-borne diseases in the system of rice-rape rotation is a biological control method and a better cultivation.The present paper aimed to isolate and screen the antagonistic bacteria against Rhizoctonia solani in rotation soil.【Method】The plate culture and antagonistic test of Rhizoctonia solani which is an identified pathogenic fungus was conducted.Adopt plate culture confrontation method to inoculate strains isolated from rice-rape rotation soil were into a plate containing Rhizoctonia solani to screen antagonistic bacteria.Physiological and biochemical tests and 16 S rDNA sequence analysis of antagonistic strains.【Result】Seventy-seven strains of bacteria were screened from the soil of long-term rice-rape rotation experimental field,and 4 isolates have obvious antagonism to Rhizoctonia solani.Identification of antagonistic Rhizoctonia solani by modern molecular biology and physiological and biochemical,two antagonistic strains were found to be Bacillus flexus and the other two were Bacillus subtilis.【Conclusion】The study provided a scientific basis for the antagonistic effect and potential of functional strains in rice-rape rotation system and revealed the mechanism of soil microbial control of soil-borne diseases.

关 键 词：水稻—油菜轮作 拮抗菌 生物防治 立枯丝核菌 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]