人工智能法律人格问题的思考  

Thinking on Artificial Intelligence of its Legal Personality

作　　者：唐辰明 TANG Chen-ming

机构地区：[1]湖南大学法学院

出　　处：《云南社会科学》2019年第6期120-127,183,共9页Social Sciences in Yunnan

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“老年慢性病智慧居家服务模式研究”（项目号：15BSH123）的阶段性成果

摘　　要：人工智能体因其主体意识与自主理性的缺失、权利义务的瑕疵及责任承担能力的缺陷,不宜获得完全的法律人格和法律主体地位;而将人工智能体视为纯粹的客体,则过于强调其工具性特征,从而掩盖了人工智能体内部蕴含的一定程度上的自主性和主体性价值。应当将人工智能技术内部包含的自主性与工具性相结合,借鉴法人的产生等法律拟制技术。基于人工智能体的类型化分析,赋予其有限的法律人格与主体地位。同时完善登记注册与专门管理制度等,将有利于充分释放人工智能技术包含的主体性与创造性价值,加速推动智能社会、智慧社会的总体发展。Artificial intelligence is not suitable for obtaining full legal personality and legal subject status because of its lack of subject consciousness and autonomy,as well as the defects of rights and obligations,also the ability to assume responsibility.However,to see artificial intelligence as a pure object,will emphasizes its technical application feature too much and concealed a certain degree of autonomy and subjective value contained within the artificial intelligence.The autonomy and instrumentality contained in the artificial intelligence technology should be combined with the legal drafting technology such as the generation of legal persons,and the limited legal personality and subject status should be given based on the type analysis of artificial intelligence.At the same time,it is necessary to improve the registration and special management systems,etc.,which will help to fully release the subjective and creative value of artificial intelligence technology and accelerate the overall development of intelligent society and smart society.

关 键 词：人工智能 法律人格 主体性 法律拟制 

分 类 号：D903[政治法律—法学理论] TP18[政治法律—法学]