水稻大库容遗传群体源库性状、物质生产与分配的基本特征  

Fundamental features of source-sink properties, biomass production and distribution in rice genetic populations with high sink capacity type

作　　者：陈琛 于小凤[1,3] 赵步洪 高英博[1] 舒小伟 徐杰皎 唐东南 黄建晔 王余龙 姚友礼 董桂春 CHEN Chen;YU Xiao-feng;ZHAO Bu-hong;GAO Ying-bo;SHU Xiao-wei;XU Jie-jiao;TANG Dong-nan;HUANG Jian-ye;WANG Yu-long;YAO You-li;DONG Gui-chun(Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology,Ecology and Cultivation in Middle and Low Reaches of Yangtze River of Ministry of Agriculture/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China;Zhenjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences of the Ning-zhen Hilly District,Zhenjiang 212400,China;Agriculture,Forestry and Water Conservancy Bureau,Lianyungang 222000,China;Institute of Agricultural Science of the Lixiahe District in Jiangsu Province,Yangzhou 225007,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理国家重点实验室培育点/农业部长江中下游作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室/粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,江苏扬州225009 [2]江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所,江苏镇江212400 [3]江苏省连云港市海州区农林水利局,江苏连云港222000 [4]江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所,江苏扬州225007

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2019年第5期1009-1014,共6页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31571608);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20151311);江苏省高校自然科学研究重大项目(15KJA210003);江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(16)1001、CX(18)1002];上海农场项目(20141209000082);江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目;扬州市现代农业项目(YZ2017045)

摘　　要：在大田条件下,以染色体单片段代换系水稻群体114个株系为供试材料,采用聚类分析的方法依据供试群体库容量大小将其分为6种类型。结果表明:1)供试群体库容量变幅为676.80~1326.43g/m^2,666.7m^2产量变幅为311.74~763.35kg,供试材料间差异较大,同时随着库容量的增大,产量呈明显增加趋势;2)大库容量水稻抽穗期LAI、成熟期LAI均显著大于其他类型,结实期叶面积下降比例较其他类型小;3)大库容量水稻库容量大,库容量形成速率大,粒叶比大,结实期净同化率高;4)大库容量水稻主要生育时期(抽穗期、结实期、成熟期等)群体干物质积累量均具有较大的优势,结实期的优势更明显,其单茎干质量及单穗干质量亦具有相似的特征;5)大库容量水稻抽穗期茎鞘叶干质量比例大,穗干质量中等,成熟期这2个性状均为中等水平,经济系数中等偏上。大库容量水稻源足、库大,产量优势明显,但经济系数中等表明其库容量有进一步充实的潜力。A total of 114 chromosome single segment substitution lines(CSSSLs)were analyzed in two consecutive years under field condition,and subcategorized into six types,according to their sink size by minimum square sum within groups(MinSSw)method.The results showed that there were significant differences among the CSSSL in their sink capacity and yield level,with the sink capacity range of 676.80-1326.43 g/m 2 and 666.7 m 2 yield range of 311.74-763.35 kg.With the increase of sink capacity,the yield improved.The LAI at heading and maturity stage in the high sink capacity type were higher than those in any other types.And the LAI at grain-filling stage was going down a bit.The sink capacity and sink capacity formation rate,with a higher value in larger sink capacity type.The grain leaf ratio and net assimilation rate at grain-filling stage were also larger in high sink capacity type lines than those in other types.The dry matter production per unit area in high sink capacity type lines was higher than that in other types,especially in grain-filling stage.Similar trends were observed in the dry matter production per stem and dry weight per panicle.At heading stage,the stem-leaf dry weight ratio in the high sink capacity type was the largest,but the panicle ratio was at an intermediate level.However,at maturity stage,the stem-leaf and panicle ratios were at an intermediate level,as well as the harvest index.The source and sink in higher sink capacity type lines possess superior features than those in other types,and therefore a higher grain yield level.However,the intermediate level of harvest index suggests that the sink capacity can still be further enlarged.

关 键 词：库容量类型 产量 源库 物质生产 物质分配 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]