秸秆发酵还田提升土壤腐殖质含量与品质  

Straw fermentation incorporation improves soil humus content and quality

作　　者：范如芹[1] 周运来[1] 李赟 卢信[1] 刘丽珠[1] 张振华[1] FAN Ru-qin;ZHOU Yun-lai;LI Yun;LU Xin;LIU Li-zhu;ZHANG Zhen-hua(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2019年第5期1095-1101,共7页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41401259);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20161379);江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(17)3019];农业部农业环境重点实验室开放基金项目

摘　　要：为了探究合理的秸秆还田方式,促进土壤有机碳固定和提升土壤肥力,基于野外定位试验,对比研究了江苏省黄棕壤腐殖质各组分碳含量对不同秸秆还田方式(常规秸秆猪粪发酵还田、发酵床秸秆垫料发酵还田、秸秆炭化还田、秸秆直接还田)的响应。结果表明,与秸秆直接还田相比,秸秆猪粪发酵还田、发酵床垫料发酵还田和秸秆炭化还田处理土壤表层0~5.0 cm全碳含量分别增加了18.8%、11.0%和11.8%。两种秸秆发酵还田方式均增加了胡敏酸E 4/E6值、胡富比与PQ值。不同秸秆还田方式对胡敏酸Δlg K值无明显影响。秸秆直接还田对土壤腐殖质碳和总有机碳含量无显著影响。说明秸秆发酵还田方式,尤其是秸秆猪粪发酵还田,在增加土壤胡敏酸含量的同时提升了腐殖质品质,秸秆炭化还田可提高腐殖质腐殖化程度。To comprehensively study the effects of straw incorporation methods on soil organic carbon(SOC)sequestration and soil fertility,a field experiment was carried out on yellow-brown soil in Jiangsu province,and the response of carbon content in humic substances to different straw incorporation methods including the common straw and manure compost organic fertilizer(OF),straw-based spent pig litter compost fertilizer(SP),straw biochar with chemical fertilizer(BR),raw straw incorporation with chemical fertilizer(CF),were compared in a rice-wheat rotation system.Results showed that in the top soil layer(0-5.0 cm),SOC contents under OF,SP,BR treatments were 18.8%,11.0%and 11.8%higher than those under CF treatment,respectively.The E 4/E 6 values,HA/FA ratio and PQ values were increased under OF and SP treatments.The effects of different straw return modes on theΔlg K value of humic acid were not significant.Raw straw incorporation had no significant effect on the contents of carbon in humic substances and in bulk soil.In conclusion,the treatment of straw fermentation incorporation,especially the OF,can effectively increase the content of soil fumic acid and improve the quality of humic substances,and straw biochar can increase humification degree of humic substances.

关 键 词：秸秆还田 秸秆有机肥 生物炭 腐殖质组分 土壤有机碳 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]