犬细小病毒研究进展  

Progress on Canine Parvovirus

作　　者：周宏专[1] 苏霞[1] 徐福洲[1] 杨兵[1] ZHOU Hong-zhuan;SU Xia;XU Fu-zhou;YANG Bing(Beijing Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Livestock and Poultry,Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing,100097,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院畜牧兽医研究所畜禽疫病防控技术北京市重点实验室

出　　处：《动物医学进展》2019年第12期79-84,共6页Progress In Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目子课题(2016YFD0501001-12);北京市农林科学院畜牧兽医研究所项目(XMS2017-06);北京市农林科学院创新能力建设项目(KJCX20161503);北京市农林科学院青年科研基金项目(QNJJ201731)

摘　　要：犬细小病毒(Canine parvovirus,CPV)是犬急性胃肠炎的主要致病因子之一,典型的临床症状包括呕吐、发热和腹泻,通常6周龄~6月龄的幼犬更易感染。20世纪70年代后期出现CPV-2后目前已在世界范围内流行。病原学研究显示CPV基因组替代率与RNA病毒相似,基因组中多个位点出现了新的变异,与病毒致病机制密切相关,引起了科研人员的广泛关注。在检测方面目前开展了多重聚合酶链反应(multiple PCR),聚合酶链式扩增阻碍突变系统(amplification refractory mutation system,ARMS-PCR),隔热式恒温PCR(insulated isothermal PCR,iiPCR),高分辨率熔解曲线PCR(high-resolution melting PCR,PCR-HRM),横向流动试纸条技术(immunocapture-loop mediated isothermal amplification-lateral flow dipstick,IC-LAMP-LFD),聚合酶螺旋反应(polymerase spiral reaction,PSR),重组聚合酶扩增方法(recombinase polymerise amplification,RPA),Luminex液态悬浮芯片系统(Luminex xTAG)和免疫层析(immunochromatography,IC)等方法,在防控方面开展了核酸疫苗、重组亚单位苗、病毒样颗粒等新型疫苗以及治疗性药物研究。论文对CPV的流行病学、病原学、检测方法及防控措施等进行了综述。Canine parvovirus(CPV)is one of the major causative agents causing acute gastroenteritis in dogs.The typical clinical signs include vomiting,fever,diarrhoea.Generally,puppies aged 6 weeks to 6 months have been found to be more susceptible to CPV infection.Epidemiology study showed that CPV-2 and its variants have been reported worldwide after the emergence of CPV-2 in the late 1970s.Pathogenicity study showed that CPV genomic substitution rate was similar to those of RNA viruses with observation of multiple mutation sites in the genome.In addition,new mutations were closely realted to the pathogenicity of CPV.The research explored multiple PCR,multiplex amplification refractory mutation system-PCR(ARMS-PCR),insulated isothermal PCR(iiPCR),high-resolution melting-PCR(PCR-HRM),immunocapture-loop mediated isothermal amplification-lateral flow dipstick(IC-LAMP-LFD),polymerase spiral reaction(PSR),recombinase polymerise amplification(RPA),Luminex xTAG assay and immunochromatography(IC).Meanwhile,research on genetic engineering vaccines such as nucleic acid vaccines,recombinant subunit vaccines as well as virus-like particles and potential therapeutic drugs were carried out.This review is helpful for the prevention and control of CPV disease.In summary,studies on epidemiology,pathogenicity,detection methods and vaccine of CPV were updated in this review.

关 键 词：犬细小病毒 流行病学 致病机理 检测方法 疫苗 

分 类 号：S854.43[农业科学—临床兽医学]