辽河辽宁段干流表层沉积物中磷的含量及赋存形态研究  

The Distribution and Speciation of Phosphorus in the Surface Sediments of Liaohe River Mainstream in Liaoning Province

作　　者：王辉[1] 焦振恒 刘春跃 孙丽娜[1] 罗庆[1] 吴昊[1] 王晓旭[1] WANG Hui;JIAO Zhenheng;LIU Chunyue;SUN Lina;LUO Qing;WU Hao;WANG Xiaoxu(Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-remediation/Shenyang University,Ministry of Education,Shenyang 110044,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳大学/区域污染环境生态修复教育部重点实验室

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2019年第12期2409-2415,共7页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家水体控制与治理科技重大专项(2018ZX07601-003-04;2018ZX07601-002)

摘　　要：辽河是中国第七大河流,是中国北方重要的重工业和农业基地,分析其沉积物中磷的含量和赋存形态可以为研究辽河水环境质量和渤海赤潮污染提供基础。以辽河辽宁段干流表层沉积物为研究对象,在辽河辽宁段干流设置了24个监测断面,于2018年对沉积物样品进行了采集,并分析了其总磷(TP)、有机磷(OP)、可交换态磷(Ex-P)、铁铝结合态磷(FeAl-P)、钙结合态磷(Ca-P)和残留无机态磷(Re-P)的含量,对沉积物中磷的含量、不同赋存形态的比例以及不同环境因子对磷的影响进行了研究分析。结果表明,表层沉积物中总磷的含量为29.513—100.903 mg·kg−1,平均含量为55.070 mg·kg−1,与其他部分河流相比较,其总磷的含量较低。表层沉积物中各种磷按照平均含量排序为:可交换态磷(Ex-P)<残留态磷(Re-P)<有机磷(OP)<铁铝结合态磷(FeAl-P)<钙结合态磷(Ca-P),其平均含量分别为3.413、5.030、6.409、16.407和23.812 mg·kg−1。沉积物中无机磷(IP)受到pH的显著影响,而有机磷(OP)与水体中磷浓度密切相关。Ex-P和FeAl-P总计占沉积物中TP的33.83%,当水环境条件发生变化时,沉积物中的磷可能会向水体中释放,对加剧水体中磷污染具有一定的潜在风险。Liao River, located in the northeast (NE) China, is the seventh longest river in China, and is one of the biggest heavy industry bases of China and cultural center of the NE China. The analysis of phosphorus content and speciation of phosphorus in the surface sediments can provide a research basis for studying the water environment quality of Liaohe River and the pollution sources of red tide in Bohai Sea. Taking the surface sediments of Liaohe River mainstream in Liaoning province as the research object, 24 sampling points were selected in the main stream of Liaohe River, and the sediment samples were collected in 2018. Then, the total phosphorus (TP), the organophosphorus (OP), exchangeable phosphorus(Ex-P), Fe-bound and Al-bound phosphorus (FeAl-P), Ca-bound phosphorus (Ca-P) and residual phosphorus (Re-P) were measured, and the content, speciation of phosphorus and the effect factors were analyzed in the paper. The results showed that the contents of TP ranged from 29.513 to 100.903 mg kg 1 with an average content of 55.070 mg kg 1, and it was lower compared with some other rivers in China. The concentration of different speciations of phosphorus were increased in the order of Ex-P<Re-P<OP<FeAl-P<Ca-P, and the average concentrations were 3.413, 5.030, 6.409, 16.407, 23.812 mg kg 1, respectively. Inorganic phosphorus (IP) in the surface sediments was obviously positively related to pH, and OP was notable positively related to the phosphorus in the water. The percentage of the sum of Ex-P and FeAl-P among all of phosphorus was 33.83%, and the phosphorus in the surface sediments of Liaohe River mainstream maybe released to water when the environmental condition changed.

关 键 词：磷 表层沉积物 辽河 赋存形态 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]