医疗固体废弃物热解及其产物特性分析  

Medical solid waste pyrolysis and analysis of its product characteristics

作　　者：方书起[1,2] 崔俊乐 史兆臣 白净 常春[1,2,3] 李攀 FANG Shuqi;CUI Junle;SHI Zhaochen;BAI Jing;CHANG Chun;LI Pan(School of Chemical Engineering and Energy,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,Henan,China;Engineering Laboratory of Henan Province for Biorefinery Technology and Equipment,Zhengzhou 450001,Henan,China;Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists,Zhengzhou 450001,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学化工与能源学院,河南郑州450001 [2]生物质炼制技术与装备河南省工程实验室,河南郑州450001 [3]河南省杰出外籍科学家工作室,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《化工进展》2019年第12期5587-5593,共7页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2018M632800);河南省杰出外籍科学家工作室项目(GZS2018004);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(19A470009)

摘　　要：目前关于医疗固体废弃物热解的研究主要集中在热解条件对产物分布的影响,在产物成分及应用方向少有报道。本试验将预处理后的医疗固体废弃物在450~550℃下进行热解处理,对热解后产生的气体、液体、固体三相产物,系统地分析了其成分及产物特性,并提出其进一步资源化利用方向。结果表明,所得气体产物中可燃组分占83.17%,热值为10995kcal/m3(1kcal=4.18kJ);液体产物热值为8973kcal/kg,进一步分离提纯后所得产物中烃类组分占67.81%,热值可达10214kcal/kg;固体产物经过改质后,碳含量高达63.13%,热值为5455kcal/kg。研究表明,医疗固体废弃物热解得到的气、液、固三相产物在资源化利用方面都具有一定的价值,除了可以直接用作替代燃料外,三相产物中均含有多种应用广泛的化工原料。The researches on pyrolysis of medical solid waste are mainly about the products distribution under different pyrolysis conditions up to now, while few reports on the products composition and application are found. In this test, the pretreated wastes were pyrolyzed at 450-550℃. The compositions and characteristics of the gas, liquid and solid products were systematically analyzed, and their directions of resource utilization were finally proposed. The results show that the combustible components account for 83.17% in gas products with the calorific value being 10995 kcal/m3. The calorific value of liquid products is 8973 kcal/kg. After further separation and purification, the hydrocarbon components in liquid products take up about 70%, and the calorific value is increased to 10214 kcal/kg. The carbon content is63.13% after the modification process to the solid products, then the calorific value is 5455 kcal/kg. It’s concluded that the pyrolysis products of medical solid waste have a promising application value in resource utilization. In addition to being directly used as alternative fuels, they all contain a variety of chemical raw materials with wide applications.

关 键 词：医疗固废 热解 特性分析 资源化利用 

分 类 号：X799.5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]