不同建植模式、不同刈割时间间隔对鸭茅牧草产量和锈病的影响  

Effects of Different Planting Patterns and Different Cutting Time Intervals on Herbage Yield and Rust of Dactylis Glomerata

作　　者：侯洁琼 张美艳[1] 陈新[1] 吴梦霞[1] 钟绍丽 焦美章 李世平 薛世明[1] HOU Jie-qiong;ZHANG Mei-yan;CHEN Xin;WU Meng-xia;ZHONG Shao-li;JIAO Mei-zhang;LI Shi-ping;XUE Shi-ming(Academe of Grassland and Animal Science in Yunnan,Kunming 650212,China;Departm ent of Prataculture Science,Yunnan Agriculture University,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省草地动物科学研究院,云南昆明650212 [2]云南农业大学,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《草学》2019年第6期20-25,共6页Journal of Grassland and Forage Science

基　　金：云南省中青年学术和技术带头人后备人才项目(2019HB035);云南省现代农业草产业技术体系草地生态岗位专项基金(2017KJTX0018);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项基金(CARS-34);云南省“云岭产业技术领军人才”(云发改人事〔2015〕1495号);云南省应用基础研究计划青年项目(2015FD078)共同资助

摘　　要：锈病是鸭茅的主要病害之一,严重影响鸭茅产量与饲用品质。鸭茅对锈病的易感性已成为限制其在我国南方被更广泛利用的重要因素之一。草地的生产能力是评价牧草是否具有建植价值的标准之一。为弄清鸭茅混播豆科牧草、鸭茅单播条件下,刈割对牧草产量和鸭茅锈病的防控作用,研究设计了不同刈割间隔处理[30d、45d、60d、不刈割(CK)],以鸭茅单播为对照,观察不同刈割间隔处理对鸭茅锈病和鸭茅混播豆科牧草产量的影响。结果得出:(1)刈割处理对不同建植模式下鸭茅锈病具有一定的控制作用,且混播豆科牧草(紫花苜蓿、白三叶)较鸭茅单播模式更易控制鸭茅锈病。(2)鸭茅+紫花苜蓿、鸭茅+白三叶混播的产量高于鸭茅单播,尤其是鸭茅+紫花苜蓿。(3)不同刈割间隔处理的年干物质产量差异显著,间隔30d刈割和45d刈割处理的年干草产量较高。本研究得出,豆禾混播草地提高了牧草的产量,鸭茅+紫花苜蓿混播尤为明显,且合理刈割,既能增加草地产量,也可有效控制鸭茅锈病。Rust is one of the major diseases of orchard grass( Dactylis glomerata L.),which seriously affects the yield and forage quality of orchard grass. The susceptible to dust has become one of the important factors that limiting its wider use in South China. The production capacity of grassland is one of the criteria for evaluating the establishment value. In order to determine the effect of cutting on the yield and the control of rust of orchard grass under mixed seeding and monoculture condition,we designed the different cutting treatment of cutting interval including 30 d,45 d,60 d and no cutting treatment( as the control). The effect of forage yield and the control of rust were determined under different planting model. The result showed:( 1) cutting treatment could reduced the rust of orchard grass under different planting models,especially the mixed seeding with legume forage( alfalfa,white clover),which was easier to control the rust.( 2) The forage yield of mixed seeding was higher than orchard grass monoculture,especially the mixture of alfalfa and orchard grass.( 3) The effect on annual hay yield and rust was significantly different by different cutting treatments,and the annual hay yield of 30 d and 45 d treat interval were higher than that 60 d cutting interval treatments. The conclusion was that the yield of forage was increased by mixed seeding with legume,especially the mixed seeding within orchard grass and alfalfa. The reasonable cutting can increase the forage yield and control the rust of orchard grass effectively.

关 键 词：混播 刈割 产量 锈病 

分 类 号：S435[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]