密云水库上游控制点水质时空交叉统计分析  

Spatiotemporal cross statistical analysis of water quality at control points in the upstream of Miyun Reservoir

作　　者：邸琰茗 白文荣[1] 郭逍宇[2,3,4,5] DI Yanming;BAI Wen rong;Guo Xiaoyu(Beijing North Canal Management Office,Beijing,101100,China;Capital Normal University College of Resource Environment and Tourism,Beijing 100048,China;Key Laboratory of 3D Information Acquisition and Application,Ministry of Education,Beijing 100048,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Resources,Environment and Geographic Information System,Beijing 100048,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Process and Digital Simulation,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市北运河管理处,北京101100 [2]首都师范大学资源环境与旅游学院,北京100048 [3]三维信息获取与应用教育部重点实验室,北京100048 [4]资源环境与地理信息系统北京市重点实验室,北京100048 [5]北京市城市环境过程与数字模拟重点实验室,北京100048

出　　处：《水资源开发与管理》2019年第12期27-34,21,共9页Water Resources Development and Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40901281);北京市教育委员会科技计划面上项目(KM201310028012);国家国际科技合作专项(2014DFA21620)

摘　　要：为研究密云水库的水质变化特征,本文运用多元统计方法分析了密云水库库区上游入库支流1991-2010年18个指标、5个控制点长时序的水质时空变异特征:以聚类分析(CA)划分年际聚类组和空间聚类组,判别分析(DA)阐释影响时空水质变异的显著指标,主成分分析(PCA)识别污染来源和组成。结果表明:密云水库库区上游控制点水质指标中富营养化显著,氮、磷是应重点加以控制的因子,NO 2-N是TN均值超标的主要原因;随时间推移,大关桥、辛庄桥、石佛桥3个监测点的污染成分由复合污染转为离子污染,对入库水质污染指标浓度的贡献逐渐减小,葡萄园桥监测点由降水引起的内源污染过渡到降水引起的非点源污染,受到汛期的湿沉降影响较大,水堡桥监测点水质以复合污染为主,污染情况最为复杂;密云库区水质较上游控制点来水水质整体较好,主要与库区非点源污染的控制和取消网箱养鱼等保护水源地政策有关。In order to study the characteristics of water quality change in Miyun Reservoir,this paper uses multivariate statistical methods to analyze the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of water quality of 18 indexes and 5 control points in the upstream tributaries of Miyun Reservoir from 1991 to 2010.Cluster analysis(CA)is used to divide interannual clustering group and spatial clustering group,and discriminant analysis(DA)is used to explain the significant indexes that affect the temporal and spatial variation of water quality.Principal Component Analysis(PCA)identifies the source and composition of pollution.The results show that eutrophication is obvious in the water quality indexes of the upstream control points in Miyun reservoir area,nitrogen and phosphorus are the key factors to be controlled,and NO2-N is the main reason for the TN mean value exceeding the standard.Over the past 20 years,the pollution components of Daguan Bridge,Xinzhuang Bridge and Shifu Bridge have changed from composite pollution to ionic pollution,and their contribution to the concentration of pollution indicators in the storage water quality has gradually decreased.The monitoring points of Vineyard Bridge have transited from endogenous pollution caused by precipitation to non-point source pollution caused by precipitation,which are greatly affected by wet deposition in flood season.The water quality of Shuibao Bridge monitoring points is mainly composed of composite pollution,with the most complicated pollution situation.The water quality of Miyun reservoir area is better than that of the upstream control point,which is closely related to the control of non-point source pollution in the reservoir area and the cancellation of policies to protect water sources such as cage fish farming.

关 键 词：密云水库上游控制点 多元统计分析 时空变异 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]