速射火炮定向反射膨胀减后坐力机理研究  

Research on Directional Reflection Expansion Mechanism of Reducing Recoil Force of Rapid Fire Gun

作　　者：戴劲松[1] 何福 苏晓鹏 王茂森[1] 谭添 DAI Jinsong;HE Fu;SU Xiaopeng;WANG Maosen;TAN Tian(School of Mechanical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,Jiangsu,China;State-owned No.152 Factory,Chongqing 400071,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学机械工程学院,江苏南京210094 [2]国营第152厂,重庆400071

出　　处：《兵工学报》2019年第12期2407-2415,共9页Acta Armamentarii

基　　金：兵器装备联合基金项目(6141B02040201)

摘　　要：传统速射火炮在高射速连发射击时,膛口装置后喷的气体对炮位附近装置和人员影响较大,为此提出定向反射膨胀减小后坐力机理。通过身管上多个前倾斜孔将火药气体引入封闭定向反射膨胀腔室中,利用火药气体在定向反射膨胀腔室前部形成的高压区及其对装置反射面的冲击作用,达到减小火炮后坐力的目的。运用计算流体力学理论分析了该机理,通过分析计算得到装置的减后坐力最大效率为48. 3%,与现有速射火炮膛口装置制退器的效率相当且无向斜后方喷射的气体。开展了相应的实验研究,验证了理论分析的正确性。该机理具有广泛适用性,可为速射火炮降低后坐力提供新的思路。When the traditional rapid fire gun automatically fires at a high rate,the powder gas that is sprayed backward has a greater impact on the devices and personnel near gun emplacement. A mechanism of reducing the recoil force by directional reflection expansion is proposed. The powder gas is introduced into a directional reflection expansion cavity through several front inclined holes on the gun tube.The recoil force is reduced by a high pressure zone formed by powder gas in front of cavity and its impact on the reflecting surface of the device. The expansion mechanism is analyzed by using the computational fluid dynamics theory. The result shows that the maximum recoil force-reducing efficiency of the device can reach 48. 3%,which is equivalent to the existing traditional muzzle attachment of rapid fire gun. The corresponding experimental research was made to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis.

关 键 词：速射火炮 定向反射膨胀 后坐力 膛口制退 气体动力学 

分 类 号：TJ301[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]