近代日本远洋渔业扩张与侵害中国海权的历史考察  

A Historical Investigation of the Expansion of Pelagic Fisheries and the Violation of China’s Sea Power in Modern Japan

作　　者：王国华 张晓刚 Wang Guohua;Zhang Xiaogang

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学外国语学院,大连116023 [2]长春师范大学历史文化学院,长春130031

出　　处：《日本研究》2019年第4期66-74,共9页Japan Studies

基　　金：教育部人文社科科学研究一般项目“基于我国海洋权益视角的日本海洋渔业扩张政策研究(1868-1955)”(17YJAZH079);国家社科基金冷门“绝学”和国别史等研究专项“日本近代转型时期的‘外交革新’研究(1853-1902)”(19VJX051)

摘　　要：近代日本远洋渔业大致经历了萌芽期、发展期、低迷和振兴期以及战时政府管制期这四个阶段。自明治中期,日本政府大力发展近海和远洋渔业,海洋渔业实现了从沿岸、至近海和远洋渔业的结构性变迁。甲午战争后,日本借助军事力量推进海洋渔业走向扩张,大肆攫取邻国渔业资源;这些侵扰活动既蚕食了近代中国的渔权,也严重侵害了中国的海权,给中国渔业、渔民生产生活造成严重侵害。在和平发展时期,渔权是实质性的海权,依然是海权的核心。当今,中日两国在海洋和渔业领域也存在一些利益纠纷,而通过交流和交涉化解歧见理应是不二选择。惟其如此,才能共同维护远洋渔业的和平发展,进而保障亚洲以及世界海洋秩序的有序运行。The modern ocean fishing industry in Japan has roughly gone through four stages:germination period,development period,downturn and revival period,and wartime government control period.Since the middle of the Meiji period,the Japanese government has vigorously developed offshore and pelagic fisheries,and marine fisheries have realized structural changes from coastal,offshore and pelagic fisheries.After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894,Japan used military forces to promote the expansion of marine fisheries and arrogantly seize fisheries resources of neighboring countries.These intrusion activities have eroded not only modern Chinese fishing rights,but also severely violated China ’s sea rights,which has caused Chinese fishery and fishermen’s production and life Serious violations.In the period of peaceful development,fishing rights are substantive sea rights and remain the core of sea rights.Today,China and Japan also have some conflicts of interest in the marine and fishery fields,and resolving differences through exchanges and negotiations should be the only option.Only in this way can we jointly maintain the peaceful development of ocean-going fisheries,and thus ensure the orderly operation of Asia and the world’s ocean order.

关 键 词：近代日本 拖网渔业 远洋渔业扩张 资源抢夺 中国海洋权益 

分 类 号：K304[历史地理—历史学]