纳米结晶纤维素表面修饰聚酰亚胺纤维及其润湿功能性  

Surface modified polyimide fiber with nanocrystalline cellulose and its wettability

作　　者：党洪洋 张国亮[1] 龙柱[1,2] 王士华 李志强 胡爱林 郭帅 吕文志 DANG Hongyang;ZHANG Guoliang;LONG Zhu;WANG Shihua;LI Zhiqiang;HU Ailin;GUO Shuai;LÜWenzhi(Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles,Ministry of Education,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,Jiangsu,China;Lianyungang Industrial Investment Group Co.,Ltd.,Lianyungang 222002,Jiangsu,China;Lianyungang Fiber New Materials Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Lianyungang 222002,Jiangsu,China;Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities,Duyun 558000,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]江南大学生态纺织教育部重点实验室,江苏无锡214122 [2]连云港纤维新材料研究院有限公司,江苏连云港222002 [3]连云港市工业投资集团有限公司,江苏连云港222002 [4]黔南民族师范学院,贵州都匀558000

出　　处：《化工进展》2020年第1期301-310,共10页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31270633);黔南科合工字(2017)15号;连云港“555工程”计划(2015-13)

摘　　要：聚酰亚胺纤维在应用方面存在许多潜在问题,例如聚酰亚胺纤维的低表面活性,使得其界面的润湿性能差,且在水相中易团聚,分散性较差。为此,本文提出在复合路易斯酸及交联剂共同催化作用下,使纳米结晶纤维素(CNC)修饰碱处理后的聚酰亚胺(PI)短切纤维表面,测定了CNC修饰前后PI纤维在水溶液中的分散度及PI纤维成纸的接触角,结果表明PI纤维的浸润功能性得到提高。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察了纤维的微观形貌,利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)表征了纤维表面结构的变化,最后通过多孔材料孔径分析仪测定了纤维成纸的孔径分布变化。结果表明:经CNC处理后的纤维表面发生了酯化反应且存在交联现象,纤维表面氧元素物质分数增加,含氧极性基团和表面粗糙度的增加有助于改善润湿性能,与PI纤维原纸相比,经CNC表面修饰后的纤维所成的纸页与去离子水的接触角降低了14.9°,与乙醇的接触角降低了4.8°,纤维分散度增加了45%,纤维亲水性显著提高,经过表面处理后的纤维在水相体系中的分散性能得到改善。因此,本法可以作为制备高性能纤维和相应复合材料的有效方法。Polyimide(PI) fibers have many potential problems in application. The low surface activity of polyimide fibers makes the wettability of the interface poor. It is easy to agglomerate in the aqueous phase,with poor dispersibility. In view of the above problems, this work proposed to modify the surface of polyimide short chopped fibers after alkali treatment with nanocrystalline cellulose(CNC) under the combined catalytic action of Lewis acid and crosslinker. The dispersity of PI fibers in aqueous solution before and after CNC modification and the contact angle of PI fiber paper were measured. The results showed that the wettability of PI fibers was improved. In addition, the structure and properties of PI fibers before and after CNC treatment were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and thermogravimetric analyzer(TG). The pore size distribution of the PI fiber paper was measured by porous material pore size analyzer. Compared with the original PI fibers, the oxygen content of the fiber surface increased after the CNC treatment for the esterification reaction and cross-linking occurred on the fiber surface. The increase in oxygen-containing polar groups and surface roughness on the PI fibers contributed to improved wetting behavior. The contact angle of PI fiber paper with deionized water was reduced by 14.9°, the contact angle with ethanol was reduced by 4.8°, and the fiber dispersion was increased by 45%. These results indicated that the hydrophilicity of the fiber was remarkably improved, and the dispersion property of the fiber in the aqueous phase system was improved. This investigation showed that the method developed herein was an effective technique to prepare high performance organic fibers and corresponding composite materials.

关 键 词：聚酰亚胺纤维 纤维素 纳米结构 接枝 酯化 浸润 分散 

分 类 号：TS772[轻工技术与工程—制浆造纸工程]