医患关系的契约性  

The contractual nature of the relationship between doctors and patients

作　　者：曾日红[1] Zeng Rihong(Institute of Medical Humanities,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 211166,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学医学人文研究院

出　　处：《南京医科大学学报（社会科学版）》2019年第6期439-443,共5页Journal of Nanjing Medical University（Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“医患关系规制的法政策学研究”（15BFX033）;江苏高校哲学社会科学研究项目“法政策学视野下医疗损害之非对抗式诉讼研究”（2015SJB161)

摘　　要：医疗行业作为社会分工的产物之一,必然涉及因分工带来的交换,从而使医患关系具有契约性的一面。从医学史的视角看,现代医患关系满足契约的主体要件、标的要件、实质要件及形式要件。但无论基于医疗方的职责还是国家或社会对民众的福祉考量,公益性应是现代医患关系的本质属性。强调等价交换的契约性,与强调患者“得到”应大于“付出”的公益性之间,似乎存在冲突,医患关系契约性各要件不同程度存在背离公益性的风险。但契约性是现代医患关系的表现形式,医疗公益性需在该形式中加以实现。公益性是本质,契约性是形式,要警惕形式背离本质;但如果无视形式或者夸大形式的不良作用,也将难以实现本质。As one of the products of social division of labor,the medical industry must involve the exchange due to the division of labor,so the doctor patient relationship has a contractual side.From the perspective of medical history,the modern doctor patient relationship satisfied the subject elements,the object elements,the essential elements and the formal elements of the contract.However,regardless of the responsibility of the medical party or the welfare of the people in the country or society,public welfare should be the essential attribution of the doctor patient relationship.There seems to be conflicts between emphasis on the contractuality of the exchange of equivalence and the emphasis on the public welfare of the patient’s“get”should be greater than the“pay”.It is necessary to be alert to the risk of the contractual nature of the doctor patient relationship.Contractuality is the manifestation of modern doctor patient relationship,and medical public welfare needs to be realized in this form.Public welfare is the essence,and contractuality is the form.The Form is deviate from the essence should be vigilanced.But if the form is ignored or the side effects are exaggerated,it will be difficult to achieve the essence.

关 键 词：医患关系 社会交换 契约性 医疗公益 

分 类 号：R197.1[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]