传统乡村聚落空间的双构特征及保护启示  

A Study on the Dual-Structure Characteristics of Traditional Rural Settlements and Implications

作　　者：邓巍[1] 胡海艳 杨瑞鑫 何依[1] DENG Wei;HU Haiyan;YANG Ruixin;HE Yi

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学建筑与城市规划学院 [2]湖北省城市规划设计研究院

出　　处：《城市规划学刊》2019年第6期101-106,共6页Urban Planning Forum

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助“区域视野下乡村聚落遗产集群式保护方法研究--以山西古村镇为例”(项目编号:51708235);“基于社会记忆的山西古村镇演化与集群研究”(项目编号:51578256)。

摘　　要：传统乡村聚落的空间形态与其演化过程密不可分,受到自然因素和社会因素的双重影响。然而,在不同的历史时间度量上,这些因素对村落空间演化的作用机理存在显著差异,整体上表现为“内生性”和“外生性”两种机制。其中,内生式演化是村落长时间“适应”人地关系的过程,受其影响形成的乡土空间附着明显的地域色彩,是村落空间的“底色”;外生式演化是村落短时间“应急”历史事件的过程,受其影响形成的事件空间带有强烈的事件痕迹,通常被视为村落空间的“特色”。由于两种演化机制的共同作用,使村落的空间形态客观上呈现“双构特征”。通过对传统乡村聚落演化机制的研究,揭示了村落空间形态的双构特征,以及它们在村落空间特色辨识中的图底规律,并从方法、视野、观念和行动四个方面,阐述这一研究结论对当前村落特色保护的可能启示。The spatial form of traditional rural settlements is inseparable from its evolutionary process and is influenced by both natural and social environments.However,there are distinctive differences in the endogenous and exogenous mechanisms of spatial evolution of villages at different historical periods.The endogenous evolution is the process in which the village adapts to the human-land relationship over a long historical period and thereby showing obvious regional attributes,or the"background"of spaces.The exogenous evolution is the process shaped by shortterm contingent historical events in the village with spaces bearing strong event characteristics.Because of the interaction of the two evolutionary mechanisms,village spaces objectively acquire dual features.Through the study of evolutionary mechanisms of traditional rural settlements,this paper reveals the dual structures of village spaces and their relationships.It provides an approach to the identification of village spatial characteristics as well as the method,the scope,the concept and the actions for the protection of village characteristics.

关 键 词：传统乡村聚落 演化机制 双构性 空间特色 保护启示 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]