淡水池塘养殖温室气体排放研究进展  

Research progress on greenhouse gas emission from freshwater pond aquaculture

作　　者：刘俊文 刘晃[2] 庄保陆[2] 曲蕊 LIU Junwen;LIU Huang;ZHUANG Baolu;QU Rui(Shanghai Ocean University,Engineering College,Shanghai 201306,China;Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学工程学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所,上海200092

出　　处：《渔业现代化》2019年第6期14-21,共8页Fishery Modernization

基　　金：中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所基本科研业务费资助(2017YJS009);农业农村部财政专项“渔业节能减排宣传与技术基础研究工作”

摘　　要：全球气候变暖日益引起各国政府和公众的普遍关注,温室气体排放成为近年来新兴研究热点之一。作为温室气体重要来源的淡水养殖池塘并未得到足够重视。文章对国内外现有的淡水池塘温室气体排放研究进行了系统的回顾,着重介绍二氧化碳(CO2)和氧化亚氮(N2O)排放量的估算方法和相关结果,重点探究影响温室气体排放量的因素,探讨目前研究的局限与改进方向。其中估算方法包括评估二氧化碳的碳足迹概念、ORNL法、IPCC排放因子法、评估氧化亚氮的排放系数法。结果显示,池塘排放量巨大,不可忽视。主要从水温、排水活动、养殖品种和养殖模式4个方面的影响因素进行阐述分析,温室气体排放机制具有复杂性。最后,针对当前温室气体排放的研究现状与趋势,从排放结构的具体分析和估算方法的规范两个方向对淡水养殖池塘温室气体排放研究进行了展望,以期推动相关理论和实践的发展。With the increasing concern of governments and the public about global warming,greenhouse gas emissions have become one of the emerging research hotspots in recent years.However,as an important source of greenhouse gases,freshwater aquaculture ponds have not received enough attention.In this paper,the existing researches on greenhouse gas emission from freshwater ponds at home and abroad are reviewed systematically,the estimation methods and relevant results of carbon dioxide(CO2)and nitrous oxide(N2O)emissions are emphatically introduced,the factors affecting greenhouse gas emission are mainly discussed,and the limitations and improvement direction of current research are discussed.The estimation methods include the carbon footprint concept for assessing CO2,the ORNL method,the IPCC emission factor method and the N2O emission factor method.The results show that the pond emission is huge and cannot be ignored.The influencing factors are mainly analyzed from four aspects,including water temperature,drainage activity,breeding species and breeding mode,which indicates the complexity of greenhouse gas emission mechanism.Finally,according to the current research status and trend of greenhouse gas emissions,the research on greenhouse gas emissions from freshwater aquaculture ponds is prospected from the specific analysis of emission structure and the standardization of estimation methods,so as to promote the development of relevant theories and practices.

关 键 词：淡水养殖 池塘养殖 温室气体 碳足迹 排放因子 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]