多粘类芽孢杆菌及其脂肽化合物研究进展  

Research progress of Paenibacillus polymyxa and its lipopeptide compounds

作　　者：郭赛赛 张敬泽[1] GUO Saisai;ZHANG Jingze(Institute of Biotechnology,College of Agriculture and Biotechnology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学农业与生物技术学院生物技术研究所

出　　处：《农药学学报》2019年第5期787-798,共12页Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项资金(201503109);浙江省重点研发计划项目(2015C02023)

摘　　要：芽孢杆菌(Bacillus spp.)和类芽孢杆菌(Paenibacillus spp.)可产生丰富的代谢化合物,尤其是拮抗微生物类的脂肽化合物,是挖掘天然抗菌素的宝库,其中多粘类芽孢杆菌Paenibacillus polymyxa最具有代表性。多粘类芽孢杆菌的生防机制与其脂肽化合物相关。已发现与微生物拮抗作用相关的脂肽主要有杀镰孢菌素、多粘菌素和十三肽素,是由大的多酶复合体非核糖体肽合成酶(NRPSs)产生。本文在简介多粘类芽孢杆菌脂肽在植物病害防治和医疗应用的基础上,综述了其产生的脂肽化合物的类型和功能,并结合作者的研究工作,重点介绍了与抗菌作用相关的杀镰孢菌素、多粘菌素和十三肽素化合物的结构、生物活性、作用机制、类似物的合成和质谱检测等方面的研究进展,并展望了该领域的未来研究发展趋势,旨在为进一步发现、挖掘和利用脂肽化合物的自然资源提供参考。The Bacillus spp.and Paenibacillus spp.produce abundant secondary metabolic compounds,especially of which the antimicrobial lipopeptides are being mined the treasury of natural antibiotics and Paenibacillus polymyxa is a best representative among them.The biocontrol mechanisms of P.polymyxa are related to its lipopeptide compounds,mainly including fusaricidins,polymyxins and tridecaptins.Those lipopeptides related to antagonistic microorganisms in P.polymyxa have been found to be produced by non-ribosomal peptide synthase(NRPSs)being a large multienzyme complexes.Based on a brief introduction of application of P.polymyxa in plant disease control and medicine use,types and functions of lipopeptide compounds produced by P.polymyxa have been reviewed in this paper.Combing our studied on biocontrol work,the research progress in chemical structure,antimicrobial activities,mechanisms of action,analogue synthesis and mass spectrometry detection of fusaricidins,polymyxins and tridecaptins were summarized.The prospects for the trend of future researches have been made,which could provide a reference for further discovery,exploitation and utilization of natural resources of lipopeptide compounds.

关 键 词：多粘类芽孢杆菌 脂肽 抗生素 杀镰孢菌素 多粘菌素 十三肽素 拮抗微生物 非核糖体肽合成酶 研究进展 

分 类 号：TQ458.1[化学工程—农药化工] S482.292[农业科学—农药学]