聚羟基脂肪酸酯作为农药载体的研究进展  

Research progress of polyhydroxyalkylates as pesticide carriers

作　　者：陈歌 许春丽[1] 徐博 冉刚超 曹冲[1] 赵鹏跃 曹立冬[1] 黄啟良[1] CHEN Ge;XU Chunli;XU Bo;RAN Gangchao;CAO Chong;ZHAO Pengyue;CAO Lidong;HUANG Qiliang(Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Controlled Pesticide and Fertilizer Release,Henan Haonianjing Biological Development Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100193 [2]河南省药肥缓控释工程技术中心,河南好年景生物发展有限公司,郑州450000

出　　处：《农药学学报》2019年第5期871-882,共12页Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0200300)

摘　　要：利用先进的材料和技术,改善农药剂型,提高农药叶面沉积及剂量转移效率,调控农药释放,是提高农药有效性与安全性的重要途径。聚羟基脂肪酸酯(PHAs)是由一种微生物合成的天然高分子材料,具有良好的生物相容性、生物可降解性和热加工性能等特性,被广泛应用于医药、工业、农业等领域,已成为生物材料领域最为活跃的研究热点之一。聚羟基脂肪酸酯可以在土壤中自然降解,非常适宜应用于农业领域,尤其是农药的负载和控制释放。本文综述了聚羟基脂肪酸酯负载杀虫剂、杀菌剂和除草剂3个方向的研究与应用进展,从载药体系的制备方法、形态表征、缓释性能、生物活性及其对土壤中微生物群落的影响等方面进行了阐述。分析了当前聚羟基脂肪酸酯作为农药载体时存在的问题和未来的研究方向,并对其应用前景进行了展望。Functional materials and advanced technologies can be used for the optimization of pesticide formulation.It will improve the deposition of pesticide on the target crop leaves,the dose transfer efficiency and the regulation of the pesticide release,which provide a vital strategy to improve the efficiency and safety.Polyhydroxyalkanates(PHAs)are a family of natural macromolecular biomaterial synthesized by microorganisms,which have the characteristics of good biocompatibility,biodegradability and thermal-processing properties.PHAs are widely used in the fields of medicine,industry and agriculture,and have become one of the most active research hotspots in the aspect of biomaterials.As PHAs are microorganism-degradable in soil,they are suitable for the application in agriculture,especially for the encapsulation and controlled release of pesticides.This review has summarized the research progress of PHAs as pesticide carriers,including insecticides,fungicides and herbicides.The preparation method,morphological characterization,slow release performance,biological activity and the effect on soil microbial community have be reviewed.The existing problems and future research direction of PHAs as pesticide carriers were pointed out,and the application prospect was also analyzed.

关 键 词：聚羟基脂肪酸酯 农药载体 农药剂型加工 调控释放机理 研究进展 

分 类 号：TQ450.6[化学工程—农药化工]