新疆伊犁地区新疆褐牛与哈萨克牛群体改良效果评价分析  

Evaluation on the Group Improvement Effects of Xinjiang Brown Cattle and Kazakh Cattle in Yili Prefecture

作　　者：闫向民 谢鹏贵 李娜 李红波 高亮 袁理星 周振勇 张杨 YAN Xiang-min;XIE Peng-gui;LI Na;LI Hong-bo;GAO Liang;YUAN Li-xing;ZHOU Zhen-yong;ZHANG Yang(Animal Husbandry Research Institute,Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences,Urumqi 830001,China;Yili Vocational and Technical College,Yining 835000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆畜牧科学院畜牧研究所 [2]新疆伊犁职业技术学院

出　　处：《草食家畜》2019年第6期16-21,共6页Grass-Feeding Livestock

基　　金：自治区基本科研业务费项目(KY2019117);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(nycytx-37);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0501801)

摘　　要：为评价伊犁地区新疆褐牛和哈萨克牛现有群体选育效果,本试验选取健康状况良好、符合品种特征的成年新疆褐牛、哈萨克牛成年母牛542头进行了群体体尺、体重等性状的调查,并对1.5~3岁的新疆褐牛、哈萨克牛公牛105头进行屠宰性状的调查。结果表明:新疆褐牛体高、体斜长、胸围、管围、体重与哈萨克牛差异均达到极显著水平(P<0.01),新疆褐牛体长指数、管围指数、体躯指数与成年哈萨克牛差异极显著(P<0.01),成年新疆褐牛胸围指数与成年哈萨克牛差异显著(P<0.05),新疆褐牛公牛活重、胴体重、屠宰率、眼肌面积差异极显著(P<0.01)。结论:改良前的哈萨克牛体型短小,培育后的新疆褐牛在体尺与体重指标、屠宰性状指标、体型与胸部结构发育均好于哈萨克牛。In order to evaluate the group improvement effects of Xinjiang brown cattle and Kazakh Cattle in Yili area,542 cattle(adult Xinjiang brown cattle and adult Kazakh Cows)with good health and variety characteristics were selected and an investigation of body traits,such as weight and size,was carried out.Meanwhile,the slaughtering traits of Xinjiang brown cattle(1.5~3 years old)and 105 Kazakh bulls were also investigated.According to the investigation results,there were extremely significant differences(P<0.01)between Xinjiang brown cattle and Kazakh cattle in body height,body side length,chest circumference,cannon bone circumference and body weight;the differences in indexes of body length,cannon bone circumference,and body trunk between Xinjiang brown cattle and adult Kazakh cattle were extremely significant(P<0.01);the difference of chest circumference index between adult Xinjiang brown cattle and adult Kazakh cattle was significant(P<0.05);the differences of live weight,carcass weight,slaughter rate and eye muscle area of Xinjiang brown bulls were extremely significant(P<0.01).As a conclusion,before the improvement,Kazakh cattle are short in size.The improved Xinjiang brown cattle grew better than Kazakh cattle in the body weight and size index,slaughter traits and chest structure.

关 键 词：新疆褐牛 哈萨克牛 体尺指数 屠宰性状 

分 类 号：S813[农业科学—畜牧学]