无人机技术在中国野生亚洲象调查研究及监测中的应用  

Usage of unmanned aerial vehicle technology in investigation and monitoring of wild Asian elephant’s population and distribution in China

作　　者：王方[1,2,3] 郑璇 马杰 王智红 刘宇 姚冲学[1,2,3] 李正玲[1,2,3] 陈明勇[1,2,3] WANG Fang;ZHENG Xuan;MA Jie;WANG Zhi-hong;LIU Yu;YAO Chong-xue;LI Zheng-ling;CHEN Ming-yong(Yunnan Asian Elephant Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of the Ministry of Education,Kunming 650091;Asian Elephant Research Center of Yunnan University,Kunming 650091;School of Life Science,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500;Asian Elephant Monitoring and Pre-warning Center of Menghai County,Menghai 666200;Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Menghai County,Menghai 666200,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南亚洲象教育部野外科学观测研究站,昆明650091 [2]云南大学亚洲象研究中心,昆明650091 [3]云南大学生命科学学院,昆明650500 [4]云南勐海县亚洲象监测预警中心,云南勐海666200 [5]勐海县林业和草原局,云南勐海666200

出　　处：《林业建设》2019年第6期38-44,共7页Forestry Construction

基　　金：全国第二次陆生野生动物资源调查-亚洲象种群数量及栖息地专项调查、云南省野生亚洲象基础性研究-云南省野生亚洲象资源本底调查(项目编号2016AE2001);“2016年南滚河亚洲象拯救保护项目(研究性二标段)”(编号NGH-YD-20180301)资助

摘　　要：回顾了我国野生亚洲象种群数量、分布调查研究的历史与现状,分析了亚洲象野外调查研究的难度,发现采用常规野生动物调查方法开展野生亚洲象野外调查、研究存在较大的安全隐患,也无法获得准确的种群数量和分布数据;同时,亚洲象与人的冲突越来越严重,采用常规野生动物调查研究方法开展监测与预警既危险又无法获得准确的数据并及时向当地居民发出监测预警信息。自2016年6月以来采用的无人机技术,可以在确保调查、监测人员安全的前提下,获得准确、完整的亚洲象分布、数量、活动轨迹等信息,并发出准确的预警信息,充分显示了无人机的优越性,并在我国野生亚洲象调查、研究、监测及预警中发挥了重要的作用。通过对无人机技术在我国野生亚洲象种群数量与分布调查、监测预警、受伤及受困野生亚洲象野外救护及科学研究中的应用进行了阐述,同时也对无人机在使用过程中存在的局限性进行了阐述,并展望未来在亚洲象调查研究、监测预警及保护管理中更广泛的应用,为将来完善无人机技术提供参考。The history and current situation of the investigation and surveying on the population quantity and distribution of wild Asian elephants in China have been reviewed in this paper, the difficulty of the field investigation and surveying of Asian elephants have also been analyzed. At the same time, the conflict between Asian elephants and humans was becoming more and more serious. It was not only dangerous but also impossible to obtain accurate data to carry out monitoring and pre-warning by conventional wildlife investigation and research methods, and timely send monitoring and pre-warning messages to local people. Since June of 2016, by using of unmanned aerial vehicle technology in wild Asian elephants monitoring and early pre-warning, we got more accurate information such as Asian elephant tracks, distribution, quantity, activity, and sent accurate pre-warning messages to local people in a safe way. The superiority of unmanned aerial vehicle technology has been fully demonstrated, and it has played an important role in Chinese Asian elephant’s investigation, monitoring and pr-warming. In this paper, usage of the unmanned aerial vehicle technology in wild Asian elephant populations, distribution investigation, monitoring and pre-warning, rescue Asian elephants injured and trapped in the field and the usage in scientific research have been brief described. At the same time, shortcomings and deficiencies of the unmanned aerial vehicle technology also been presented, we have look forward that the unmanned aerial vehicle technology could been widely used in investigation, monitoring, pre-warning and conservation for Asian elephant, and some reference have been provided for improving of the unmanned aerial vehicle technology in the future.

关 键 词：无人机技术 亚洲象 监测 预警 

分 类 号：S86[农业科学—野生动物驯养]