思茅至江城拟建高速公路沿线亚洲象栖息地适宜性分析  

Habitat suitability analysis of Asian elephants along the proposed expressway from Simao to Jiangcheng

作　　者：黄元 谭德安[1,2,3] 白梁芳 汤永晶 吕婷 蒋桂莲[1,2,3] 张培松[5] 李正玲 陈明勇 HUANG Yuan;TAN De-an;BAI Lang-fang;TANG Yong-jin;LV Ting;JIANG Gui-lian;ZHANG Pei-song;LI Zheng-ling;CHEN Ming-yong(Yunnan Asian Elephant Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of the Ministry of Education,Kunming 650091;Asian Elephant Research Center of Yunnan University,Kunming 650091;School of Life Science,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500;Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Jiangcheng County,Jiangcheng 665900,Yunnan,China;Research Institute of Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve,Jinghong 666100,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南亚洲象教育部野外科学观测研究站,昆明650091 [2]云南大学亚洲象研究中心,昆明650091 [3]云南大学生命科学学院,昆明650500 [4]江城县林业和草原局,云南江城665900 [5]云南西双版纳国家级自然保护区科研所,云南景洪666100

出　　处：《林业建设》2019年第6期67-73,共7页Forestry Construction

基　　金：“思茅至江城(整董)高速公路对亚洲象及其栖息地影响评价专题报告编制”项目(编号JT-QQB-SJGS-2018-13)资助

摘　　要：2019年2月,采用样方法对拟建思茅至江城高速公路左右各1km范围内9个样方内的植被、植物进行了调查,共记录到53科,114个属136种植物,其中包含37种为亚洲象食物;野外样方调查和遥感数据解译,共记录到10种植被类型。从海拔适宜性、栖息地隐蔽度、坡度适宜性及三种因子的叠加分析结果显示:调查区域内大部分为亚洲象的适宜栖息地性,其康平到整董段为优等栖息地,预测可能是亚洲象集中活动的区域。亚洲象种群、活动点、迁移路线及人象冲突调查结果验证了栖息地适应性分析预测结果。拟建思茅至江城高速公路与亚洲象的活动区域、迁移路线存在有许多交叉、重叠,分析认为,高速公路的建设可能会对沿线亚洲象及其栖息地造成较严重的负面影响。为减少高速公路对沿线亚洲象及其栖息地的影响,提出了相关意见和建议,供思茅至江城高速公路规划设计时参考。In February 2019,this paper investigated the vegetation and plants in 9 quadrats within 1 km of the expressway’s two sides from Simao to Jiangcheng by sample method.A total of 53 families,114 genera and 136 species of plants were recorded,among which 37 species were food for Asian elephants.Ten vegetation types have also been recorded by field quadrate survey and remote sensing data interpretation.The analyses of altitude suitability,habitat concealment,slope suitability and the result of these united three factors showed that,most of the surveyed areas were suitable habitats for Asian elephants,in addition,the Kangping to Zhengdong segment was prime habitat which were predicted to be the area where Asian elephants are concentrated.The results of the survey on Asian elephants’population,movement,migration routes and human-elephant conflict points confirmed the prediction results of habitat adaptability analysis.There’s a lot of cross migration route and overlap between the proposed line of Simao to Jiangcheng expressway and Asian elephants activity area had many overlap.Our analysis suggests that the expressway to be built will probable lead to some serious negative effects on the Asian elephants and their habitats.In order to reduce the influence of Asian elephants and their habitats along the Simao to Jiangcheng expressway,some advices and reference for the planning and design have been given in this paper.

关 键 词：亚洲象 栖息地 地理信息系统 适宜性分析 思茅-江城高速公路 

分 类 号：S86[农业科学—野生动物驯养]