云南江城-思茅-景洪交界亚洲象种群数量及结构分析  

An analysis of population quantity and structure of Asian elephant living in the junction area of Jiangcheng, Simao and Jinghong

作　　者：蒋桂莲 朱高凡 汤永晶 郑璇 吕婷[1,2,3] 黄元[1,2,3] 李正玲 陈明勇 JIANG Bui-lin;ZHU Gao-fan;TANG Yong-jing;ZHENG Xuan;LV Ting;HUANG Yuan;LI Zheng-ling;CHEN Ming-yong(Yunnan Asian Elephant Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of the Ministry of Education,Kunming 650091;Asian Elephant Research Center of Yunnan University,Kunming 650091;School of Life Science,Yunnan University,Kunming 650500;Asian Elephant Monitoring and Pre-warning Center of Menghai County,Menghai 666200,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南亚洲象教育部野外科学观测研究站,昆明650091 [2]云南大学亚洲象研究中心,昆明650091 [3]云南大学生命科学学院,昆明650500 [4]勐海县亚洲象监测预警中心,云南勐海666200

出　　处：《林业建设》2019年第6期74-78,共5页Forestry Construction

基　　金：普洱市交通投资(集团)有限责任公司委托的“思茅至江城(整董)高速公路对亚洲象及其栖息地影响专题评价”项目资助

摘　　要：2018年8月至2019年5月,采用无人机跟踪调查及访问调查对云南江城县、思茅区和景洪市交界活动的野生亚洲象群的种群数量、种群结构及分布动态进行了调查,调查结果显示该区域分布有3个象群,种群数量总计为45头,其中,成年雄象7头,亚成体雄象3头,幼体雄象2头;成年雌象27头,亚成体雌象1头,幼体雌象4头(含一头新生象)。根据中国亚洲象种群、亚种群的划分方法,将该区域活动的亚洲象群体命名为西双版纳-普洱种群中的江城亚种群。年龄结构和性比分析结果显示,该亚种群中雌象占比(72.7%)明显高于雄性(27.3%),性比适当;处于繁殖(75.6%)和未繁殖(24.4%)年龄的个体比例较高,年龄结构合理,呈增长型亚种群。数量大、年龄结构、性比合理、活动范围较大,且与其他亚洲象群之间交流频繁是本亚种群长期保持数量稳步增长的重要原因。From August 2018 to May 2019,by using the unmanned aerial vehicle tracking survey method and interview survey method,Asian elephants living in the junction area of Jiangcheng county,Simao district and Jinghong city have been investigated,total 45 head in three herds have been found in this area,including 7 adult males,3 sub-adults males,2 young males,and 27 adult females,1 sub-adult female,4 young females(including one newborn elephant).According to the classification method of Chinese Asian elephant population and sub-population,Asian elephants living in this area been named Jiangcheng sub-population in Xishuangbanna-Pu’er population.The results of age structure and sex ratio analysis showed that,the number of females(72.7%)in the subpopulation was significantly higher than that of males(27.3%),and the sex ratio was appropriate.The individuals of reproductive(75.6%)and non-reproductive age(24.4)are relatively higher,the age structure is reasonable,it is a growth subpopulation.Large quantity,age structure,reasonable sex ratio,large range of activities,and frequent communication with other Asian elephant groups are important reasons for the steady growth of this subpopulation in the long term.

关 键 词：亚洲象 种群结构 种群数量 无人机技术 江城县 

分 类 号：S86[农业科学—野生动物驯养]