心理一致感、应对方式对妊娠晚期孕妇分娩恐惧的影响  

Influence of psychological coherence and coping style on delivery fear of pregnant women in late pregnancy

作　　者：刘小燕[1] 卢德梅[2] 刘惠桃[1] LIU Xiao-yan;LU De-mei;LIU Hui-tao(Maternity Center,Foshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Guangdong Province,Foshan528000,China;Department of Obstetrics,Foshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Guangdong Province,Foshan528000,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省佛山市妇幼保健院妇产中心,广东佛山528000 [2]广东省佛山市妇幼保健院产科,广东佛山528000

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2019年第35期201-205,共5页China Modern Medicine

基　　金：广东省佛山市科技计划项目(201712586)

摘　　要：目的调查孕妇妊娠晚期的分娩恐惧情况,并探讨心理一致感、应对方式对其分娩恐惧的影响。方法采用便利抽样的方法选取2017年7月~2018年6月在我院建档的148名妊娠晚期孕妇作为研究对象,应用分娩预期问卷(W-DEQ-A)、心理一致感量表(SOC-13)和简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)对其实施调查。结果妊娠晚期孕妇的W-DEQ-A总分为(67.46±15.66)分,其中22名(14.9%)为临床阳性(得分>84分)。孕妇的积极应对条目得分为(2.19±0.33)分,消极应对条目得分为(1.22±0.23)分,SOC-13总得分为(56.68±6.32)分。W-DEQ-A得分与积极应对、可理解感、可控制感、意义感得分成负相关(r=-0.385、-0.230、-0.375、-0.299,P<0.05),与消极应对得分成正相关(r=0.170,P<0.05)。初产、有妊娠合并症、消极应对是分娩恐惧的危险因素(β=8.075、9.717、1.742),高家庭平均月收入、可理解感、可控制感、意义感、积极应对是分娩恐惧的保护因素(β=-6.057、-1.268、-1.318、-1.145、-1.385,F=33.278,P<0.01),共可解释63.7%的方差变异量(R2=0.637)。结论大部分妊娠晚期孕妇均具有中等以上的分娩恐惧,良好的心理一致感和积极应对是降低分娩恐惧的保护因素,临床医护人员应加强对孕妇的评估,以制定针对性的护理策略。Objective To investigate the delivery fear of pregnant women in late pregnancy,and to explore the influence of psychological coherence and coping style on their delivery fear.Methods A total of 148 pregnant women in late pregnancy who filed in our hospital from July 2017 to June 2018 were selected as the research objects by the convenient sampling method,and investigated by Wijma delivery expectancy/experience questionnaire version A(W-DEQA),sense of coherence scale(SOC-13)and simplified coping style questionnaire(SCSQ).Results The W-DEQ-A total score of pregnant women in late pregnancy was(67.46±15.66)points,of which 22(14.9%)were clinically positive(score>84 points).The scores of positive coping and negative coping were(2.19+0.33),(1.22±0.23)points,respectively,and total score of SOC-13 was(56.68±6.32)points.The W-DEQ-A score was negatively correlated with the scores of positive coping,intelligibility,controllability,and sense of meaning(r=-0.385,-0.230,-0.375,-0.299,P<0.05),positively correlated with negative coping score(r=0.170,P<0.05).Primipara,pregnancy complications and negative coping were risk factors for delivery fear(β=8.075,9.717,1.742),high family average monthly income,intelligibility,controllability,sense of meaning and positive coping were favorable factors for delivery fear(β=-6.057,-1.268,-1.318,-1.145,-1.385,F=33.278,P<0.01),which could explain 63.7%of variance(R2=0.637).Conclusion Most pregnant women in late pregnancy have moderate or above delivery fear.Good psychological coherence and positive coping are the favorable factors to reduce delivery fear.Clinical medical staff should strengthen the evaluation of pregnant women to formulate targeted nursing strategies.

关 键 词：孕妇 分娩恐惧 心理一致感 应对方式 影响因素 

分 类 号：R473.71[医药卫生—护理学]