一种适用于复合储能的双向DC/DC变换器  

A bidirectional DC/DC converter for hybrid energy storage system

作　　者：章宝歌 张振 王东豪 李萍 荣耀 ZHANG Baoge;ZHANG Zhen;WANG Donghao;LI Ping;RONG Yao(School of Automation&Electrical Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学自动化与电气工程学院

出　　处：《储能科学与技术》2020年第1期180-187,共8页Energy Storage Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目（61741508）

摘　　要：储能技术是解决可再生能源发电因输出功率间歇性和波动性而导致供电电能质量差的有效途径。但单一储能系统存在能量密度低或者功率密度低的问题,因此复合储能系统在保障电力系统安全稳定运行方面应用更为广泛。针对现有蓄电池与超级电容复合储能系统的结构和运行特点,提出一种适用于复合储能的双向DC/DC变换器。该复合储能系统的能量存储单元以蓄电池为主电源、超级电容为辅助电源。同时,该系统增加了超级电容预充电回路以保障能量存储单元(超级电容)具有良好的荷电状态。详细分析了该复合储能系统的工作原理、三种工作方式(超级电容预充电冷备用模式、boost模式和buck模式),推导出boost模式和buck模式电压变换比。通过在Matlab/Simulink中搭建仿真模型,验证了其主要工作波形。结果表明该系统具有开关器件电压应力低、开关损耗小、可提供大电流、可改善蓄电池寿命等优点。本研究有助于推动双向DC/DC变换器在复合储能系统中的应用,为更高效稳定运行的复合储能技术的研发提供一定的理论和仿真实验依据。The energy storage technology is an effective method for solving the problem of poor power quality caused by intermittent and fluctuating power output.However,a single energy storage system has issues with low energy density or power density;therefore,a hybrid energy storage system(HESS)is extensively used to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power system.According to the structure and operational characteristics of the existing battery-supercapacitor HESS,this study proposes a bidirectional DC/DC converter for the HESS,which uses a battery as the main power supply and a supercapacitor as the auxiliary power supply.Meanwhile,the HESS includes a supercapacitor precharging circuit to ensure that the energy storage unit(supercapacitor)exhibits a good state of charge.The working principle and three working modes of the HESS(supercapacitor pre-charging cold standby mode,boost mode,and buck mode)are analyzed in detail,and the voltage conversion ratios of the boost and buck modes are determined.Further,the main waveforms are verified by building a simulation model using the MATLAB/Simulink software.The results show that the system has the advantages of low voltage stress and switching loss from switching devices,providing a high current and improved battery life.This study is helpful in promoting the application of a bidirectional DC/DC converter in the HESS and provides an experimental,theoretical,and simulation basis for the research and development of an efficient and stable hybrid energy storage technology.

关 键 词：复合储能系统 双向DC/DC变换器 电压应力 电感电流 

分 类 号：TM46[电气工程—电器]