水体环境中纳米塑料的危害与检测研究进展  

RESEARCH PROGRESS ON THE HARM AND DETECTION TECHNOLOGIES OF NANOPLASTICS IN AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT

作　　者：赵传靓 闫仪 苏俊堂 李环宇 王博文 钟玥 胡博[1,2] 杨利伟[1,2] ZHAO Chuan-liang;YAN Yi;SU Jun-tang;LI Huan-yu;WANG Bo-wen;ZHONG Yue;HU Bo;YANG Li-wei(School of Civil Engineering,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710061,China;Key Laboratory of Water Supply&Sewage Engineering,Ministry of Housing and Urban-rural Development,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710061,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学建筑工程学院,西安710061 [2]长安大学给水排水住房与城乡建设部重点实验室,西安710061

出　　处：《环境工程》2019年第12期64-70,共7页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2019JQ-443);长安大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(300102289108);大学生创新创业训练计划(201910710116)

摘　　要：近年来,塑料在水环境中的迁移转化和不良影响引起了极大关注。最近研究表明,塑料材料能够破碎成纳米塑料并在环境中积累。纳米塑料可以表现出与本体材料差异明显的物理和化学性质。因此,需要分析和消除纳米塑料可能对环境造成的风险和危害。针对水体环境中纳米塑料新兴污染进行了综述,重点论述纳米塑料对水生生物和人类健康的影响,以及在水环境介质中检测纳米塑料所面临的挑战,最后对未来研究趋势进行了展望,为今后纳米塑料的相关研究提供参考。In recent years,the fate and adverse effects of plastics in aquatic environment have attracted great attention.Recent studies have showed that plastic materials could break into nanoplastics and accumulated in the environment.Nanoplastics exhibit distinct physical and chemical properties from their bulk materials.Therefore,it is necessary to analyze and eliminate the risks and hazards that nanoplastics may cause to the environment.In this paper,the emerging topic of nanoplastics pollution in aquatic environment was summarized.The effects of nanoplastics on aquatic organisms and human health were mainly discussed,including the challenges in detecting nanoplastics from aquatic media.Finally,the future research trends were prospected,in order to provide useful recommendations for the future studies.

关 键 词：纳米塑料 水体环境 检测技术 环境危害 人体健康 

分 类 号：X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程]