酸枣耗水特征分析及预测模型的构建  

Water-consumption characteristics and prediction models of Zizyphus jujuba var. spinosa

作　　者：滕慧颖 马长明[2] 刘春鹏 谢晓亮[4] 田伟[4] TENG Huiying;MA Changming;LIU Chunpeng;XIE Xiaoliang;TIAN Wei(The Semi-arid Agriculture Science and Technology Research Center of China,Shijiazhuang 050051,Hebei,China;College of Forestry,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,Hebei,China;Hebei Technical Innovation Center for Forest Improved Variety,Hebei Academy of Forestry and Grassland Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050061,Hebei,China;Institute of Cash Crops,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050051,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]国家半干旱农业工程技术研究中心,河北石家庄050051 [2]河北农业大学林学院,河北保定071000 [3]河北省林业和草原科学研究院河北省林木良种技术创新中心,河北石家庄050061 [4]河北省农林科学院经济作物研究所,河北石家庄050051

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2020年第1期22-29,共8页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：河北省农业厅“河北省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设”专项之“山地中药材栽培技术研究”（HBCT2018060203）;石家庄市科学技术研究与发展计划项目“山旱地景观植物引进筛选与营林技术研究”（181520088A）;国家重点研发计划项目“基于景观布局的中药材生态农业研究与应用”（2017YFC1700702）

摘　　要：【目的】探讨酸枣Zizyphus jujuba var.spinosa的耗水特性,构建其耗水模型,以期为干旱区酸枣造林及人工补水提供理论依据和技术支持。【方法】采用热扩散探针法(TDP)对酸枣的树干液流进行连续监测,并利用全自动小型气象站对其环境因子进行同步测定,进而分析了酸枣的耗水特性,探讨了其耗水与环境因子的关系,并构建了酸枣耗水的预测模型。【结果】1)酸枣树干液流呈现“昼高夜低”相互交替的变化规律,白天树干液流具有一定的波动性,呈现多峰。晴天时液流启动、达到首峰、开始下降时间均早于阴天,而达到最大值时间晚于阴天;晴天时液流最大值、平均液流速度和耗水量均大于阴天。2)与其他月份树干液流波形相比,5月份波动性较大,10月份呈现“双峰”;各月份平均液流速度和日均耗水量呈现先升高后降低的趋势,6—7月份最大,9—10月最小。3)树干液流主要与太阳辐射、大气温度和空气相对湿度相关,其中与太阳辐射和大气温度呈显著正相关,与空气相对湿度呈显著负相关;各月份的相关性呈现先升高后降低的趋势。4)构建了酸枣各月耗水预测模型,经F检验,各模型均达到显著水平,除9—10月份外,调整R2均达到0.8以上,拟合良好;经过验证,利用耗水模型计算的预测值与真实值整体误差率均小于10%,说明耗水模型均具有一定的可靠性。【结论】总结了酸枣的耗水规律,揭示了其耗水与环境因子的相关性,构建了耗水预测模型,经验证,具有一定的可靠性。【Objective】In order to provide theoretical basis and technical support for afforestation and water supplement of Zizyphus jujuba var.spinosa in arid area,the water-consumption characteristics were studied and the prediction models were constructed【.Method】The stem sap flow of Zizyphus jujuba var.spinosa was detected continuously with the thermal dissipation probe(TDP),meanwhile,the environmental factors were detected with automatic miniature weather station,then this paper analyzed the water-consumption characteristics of Zizyphus jujuba var.spinosa,and studied the relationship between its water-consumption and environmental factors,and then constructed the prediction models.【Result】1)The stem sap flow of Zizyphus jujuba var.spinosa is higher during the day time and lower in the night;there is some volatility with many peaks during the day time.Compared with cloudy days,the starting time,peak-appearing time and descending time of the stem sap flow are earlier,and the max-apearing time is later in sunny days.The max and average value of sap flow velocity,the daily water consumption are all higher in sunny days than in cloudy days.2)As far as the variation of the stem step flow,compared with other months,there are more obvious volatility in May,and there are double peaks in October.The average of sap flow velocity and the daily water consumption of every month increase at first and decrease subsequently,with the max value in June and July and the minimum value in September and October.3)The stem sap flow are mainly correlated with solar radiation,air temperature,air relative humidity,and it has significant positive correlation with solar radiation and air temperature,significant negative correlation with air relative humidity.The correlation coefficient of every month increase at first and decrease subsequently.4)Water-consumption prediction models are constructed in every month,and are all significant by F test;the adjusted R2 are all above 0.8 indicating better fit except September and October;By the

关 键 词：树干液流 野生酸枣 预测模型 耗水量 环境因子 

分 类 号：S718.45[农业科学—林学]