百合种球繁育二次抽薹的淀粉代谢研究  

Starch Metabolism of Repeated-bolting Lily Bulbs

作　　者：杨成龙[1] 方少忠[1] 林智敏[1] 郭文杰[1] 蔡宣梅[1] 张洁[1] YANG Cheng-long;FANG Shao-zhong;LIN Zhi-min;GUO Wenjie;CAIXuan-mei;ZHANG Jie(Biotechnology Institute,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou,Fujian 350003,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院生物技术研究所

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2019年第10期1150-1157,共8页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：福建省科技计划公益类专项(2018R1019-3)

摘　　要：【目的】研究百合种球反季节繁育二次抽薹过程中的淀粉代谢机制,为精确种球反季节繁育的收储期,促进国产种球繁育提供理论依据。【方法】通过测量百合抽薹前后不同发育时期,鳞茎中的淀粉、还原糖含量,使用扫描电镜观察鳞片细胞中的淀粉颗粒形态内容变化,定量分析不同发育时期种球的淀粉酶基因的表达情况。【结果】百合鳞茎二次抽薹过程中,淀粉和还原糖含量在萌动期出现显著性变化,淀粉含量下降4.98%,还原糖含量增加3.23%。扫描电镜(SEM)观察结果表明:百合鳞片抽薹过程中淀粉粒有A、B、C(大、中、小)3种类型。在膨大期和成熟期包含A型和B型淀粉粒;萌动期C型淀粉粒出现,A型淀粉粒出现异形、凹陷或是拉伸,长短轴比(L/S)达最大1.77,淀粉颗粒被逐渐拆分;抽薹期A型淀粉粒消失,B、C型颗粒表面出现大量泡状突起,小颗粒可见以"出芽"的方式长出。不同发育时期淀粉酶基因的实时荧光定量多聚核苷酸链式反应(qRT-PCR)结果显示:淀粉分解酶基因AMY在不同发育时期均有表达,在膨大期和成熟期表达量较低,在萌动期和抽薹期高度表达;淀粉合成酶相关基因SSS、SBE在不同发育时期均有表达,在膨大期和成熟期表达量较高,在萌动期和抽薹期表达量较低;淀粉分解酶和合成酶相关基因在种球不同发育时期表达情况与淀粉含量的变化情况相符。【结论】百合种球反季节繁育过程中,二次抽薹导致种球大量的淀粉被消耗,将影响商品球质量以及鲜切花的品质,为消除此不利因素,繁育过程中应当在种球进入成熟期后及时进行收储。【Objective】 Starch metabolism at time of repeated bolting was studied to determine the optimum time for bulbharvesting in propagation of out-of-season lilies.【Method】 Contents of starch and reducing sugars as well as images of starch granules under scanning electron microscope of the lily bulbs at various developmental stages were examined. Expressions of amylase-related genes of the bulbs were obtained by qRT-PCR.【 Result】 The starch and reducing sugars in the bulbs underwent significant changes at germination stage, as the starch content decreased by 4.98% and reducing sugars increased by 3.23%. The SEM images of the starch granules were of A-, B-and C-types, or, large, medium and small in sizes. They were mainly A-and B-types in the expanding and mature bulbs. Upon germinating, the granules began to separate from one another with the appearances of C-type and deformed A-type that showed depressions or were stretched to an L/S ratio as high as 1.77.At bolting, the A-type granules disappeared while the B-and C-types appeared with bubbles and tiny "bud-like" growth on their surfaces. The qRT-PCR analysis indicated that the AMY gene in the bulbs expressed at a high-level during germination and bolting stages, while SSS and SBE at expanding and mature stages, and that the variations paralleled the contents of starch and reducing sugars.【Conclusion】 A large amount of starch was consumed during repeated bolting of the bulbs. Thus, to reduce the ill-effects on the quality of the bulbs and lily flowers, bulb-harvesting at the mature stage was recommended.

关 键 词：百合 种球 淀粉代谢 抽薹 

分 类 号：S682[农业科学—观赏园艺]