FeCl2处理麻栎木材化学变色工艺及变色机理研究  

Technology and mechanism of chemical discoloration of oak（ Quercus acutissima） using FeCl2 solution

作　　者：曹惠敏 王文斌 孙伟圣[1] 孙芳利[1] 贾世芳 刘静怡 CAO Huimin;WANG Wenbin;SUN Weisheng;SUN Fangli;JIA Shifang;LIU Jingyi(School of Engineering,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学工程学院

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2020年第1期75-80,共6页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0601105)

摘　　要：通过化学试剂与木材中木质素、抽提物等成分发生反应,可以改变木材的颜色,从而达到对木材表面修饰的目的。以氯化亚铁(FeCl2)为变色剂,通过浸渍的方式获得了变色麻栎(Quercus acutissima)单板。利用正交试验研究了亚铁离子的质量分数、处理温度、处理时间以及干燥温度对麻栎单板变色的影响,获得了最佳处理工艺;利用色差仪对麻栎表面的色度系数进行了测试,并通过紫外漫反射光谱和红外光谱对麻栎变色的原因进行了探究。实验结果表明:经氯化亚铁溶液处理后,麻栎单板表面变为蓝黑色,颜色均匀,纹理清晰;影响麻栎单板变色的各因素主次顺序为氯化亚铁质量分数>干燥温度>处理温度>处理时间。氯化亚铁对麻栎进行化学变色处理的优化工艺参数为:氯化亚铁质量分数为1.0%、处理时间为10 min、处理温度为80℃、干燥温度为40℃。碱抽提可以去除麻栎单板表面大部分可以与铁离子发生变色反应的木质素或酚类物质,碱抽提后的麻栎不再发生明显的变色反应;麻栎与铁离子的变色反应,主要发生在木材的酚羟基和芳香环取代基上,木材中的酚类物质与铁离子络合反应是其变色的主要原因。As an important decoration material,the color of wood is of great significance to the identification and aesthetic effect of wood.To a certain extent,it determines the commercial value of wood,so it is particularly important to modify the color of wood.At the same time,the discoloration of wood widely happens during the service of wood products.The discoloration occurs with the influence of light,heat and microorganisms.It is considered to be one of the defects in the process of wood storage,processing and utilization,but it also provides a method for wood color modification.The color-related chemical components in wood mainly come from lignin and extracts with unsaturated structure,which can easily react with other chemical reagents to change the color of wood surface,so it is feasible to change the color of wood by chemical reaction.In this paper,ferrous chloride(FeCl2)was used as chromogenic agent to obtain chromogenic oak(Quercu sacutissima)veneer by impregnation.The effects of FeCl2 mass ratio,treatment temperature,treatment time and drying temperature on the discoloration of oak veneer were studied by the orthogonal test method,and the optimum treatment process was obtained.The surface chromaticity coefficient of oak was measured by chromatometer,and the discoloration of oak was determined by the ultraviolet diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy.The results showed that the surface of oak veneer was blue-black,uniform in color and clear in texture after the treatment with ferrous chloride solution.The primary and secondary factors affecting the discoloration of oak veneer were:ferrous chloride mass ratio>drying temperature>treatment temperature>treatment time.The optimization of chemical discoloration of oak was with ferrous chloride.The technological parameters were as follows:the mass ratio of ferrous chloride of 1.0%,the treatment time of 10 min,the treatment temperature of 80℃,and the drying temperature of 40℃.Alkali extraction could remove most of the lignin or phenolic substanc

关 键 词：化学变色 麻栎 木材颜色 金属离子 

分 类 号：TQ351[化学工程]