HIV/AIDS患者体力活动现状及血脂异常影响因素研究  

Study on the physical activity status and influencing factors of dyslipidemia in HIV/AIDS patients

作　　者：赵艳伟[1] 宋晓璟[1] 余旻虹[1] 杨慧[1] 绳宇[1] ZHAO Yanwei;SONG Xiaojing;YU Minhong;YANG Hui;SHENG Yu(Nursing Department,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Beijing,100730,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医院护理部,100730

出　　处：《中国护理管理》2019年第12期1770-1774,共5页Chinese Nursing Management

基　　金：中华护理学会科研立项项目（ZHKY201610）

摘　　要：目的:分析接受高效抗逆转录病毒治疗的HIV/AIDS患者体力活动现状及血脂异常影响因素。方法:采用一般情况调查表、国际体力活动问卷,对某院就诊的306例HIV/AIDS患者进行调查,同时检测血清胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白。结果:本研究中不同性别的患者体力活动等级分布差异有统计学意义(P=0.014);血脂异常发生率为58.50%,其中高胆固醇血症发生率为5.56%,高甘油三酯血症发生率为20.59%,低高密度脂蛋白血症发生率为35.29%;男性血脂异常发生率随年龄呈上升趋势;多因素分析显示,高胆固醇血症与患者的性别(P=0.041)、年龄(P=0.008)、治疗前病毒载量(P=0.004)以及体力活动分数(P=0.019)均相关;高甘油三酯血症仅与体质指数(BMI)(P=0.002)和治疗前CD4+T淋巴细胞计数(P=0.048)相关;低高密度脂蛋白血症与BMI(P=0.010)、体力活动分数(P=0.046)及治疗前CD4+T淋巴细胞计数(P=0.043)相关;血脂异常与BMI(P=0.002)相关。结论:接受高效抗逆转录病毒治疗的HIV/AIDS患者血脂水平与年龄、BMI、治疗前CD4+T淋巴细胞计数及体力活动水平密切相关。护理人员应针对性地提供健康指导和血脂监测,改善患者活动习惯,从而减少高脂血症的发生。Objective:To analyze status of physical activity and ifluencing factors of dyslipidemia in HIV/AIDS patients receiving Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy.Methods:A total of 306 HIV/AIDS patients admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital were surveyed.The general situation questionnaire and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire were used to investigate the current status.Meanwhile,serum cholesterol,triglyceride,HDL and LDL were tested.Results:There was a statistically significant difference in the distribution of physical activity between different genders(P=0.014).The incidence of dyslipidemia in this study was 58.50%,of which the incidence of hypercholesterolemia was 5.56%,the incidence of hypertriglyceridemia was 20.59%,and the incidence of low HDL-C was 35.29%.The incidence of dyslipidemia in men increased with age,and the incidence of dyslipidemia in female patients before and after menopause was higher.Multi-factor analysis showed that hypercholesterolemia was associated with sex(P=0.041),age(P=0.008),pretreatment HIV viral load(P=0.004)and physical activity score(P=0.019);hypertriglyceridemia was only associated with BMI(P=0.002)and pre-treatment CD4 cell count(P=0.048);low HDL-C was associated with BMI(P=0.010),physical activity score(P=0.046),and pre-treatment CD4 cell count(P=0.043);dyslipidemia was generally associated with BMI(P=0.002).Conclusion:Blood lipid levels correlated with age,BMI,pre-treatment CD4 cell count and physical activity in HIV/AIDS patients receiving high-efficiency antiretroviral.Nursing staff should provide targeted health guidance and blood lipid monitoring to improve patient activity habits,thereby reducing the incidence of hyperlipidemia.

关 键 词：抗病毒治疗 获得性免疫缺陷综合征 血脂异常 体力活动 生活方式 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]