基层医疗机构慢性阻塞性肺疾病筛查方法研究现状  

Review of Screening Methods for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Primary Care

作　　者：潘子涵[1] 迟春花[1] 郑家强[2,3] PAN Zihan;CHIChunhua;ZHENG Jiaqiang(Department of General Practice,Peking University First Hospital,Beijing 100034,China;Institute of Applied Health Research,University of Birmingham,Birmingham B152TT,UK;General Practice Development and Research Center,Peking University Health Science Center,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第一医院全科医学科,北京市100034 [2]伯明翰大学应用卫生研究院,英国伯明翰B152TT [3]北京大学医学部全科发展研究中心,北京市100191

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2020年第3期257-266,共10页Chinese General Practice

摘　　要：慢性阻塞性肺疾病(简称慢阻肺)已经成为严重影响公共卫生的疾病之一。最新研究显示,中国40岁以上人群中慢阻肺患病率为13.7%,估测中国有9900万慢阻肺患者,而如何发现该庞大的患病人群并实施管理是中国面临的巨大挑战,与此同时,采取何种方式进行慢阻肺筛查也已成为近年来国内外的研究热点。目前研究较多的筛查工具有筛查问卷、呼气峰流速仪以及微型肺量计,筛查方式也多种多样,有单独使用某种筛查工具的,也有多种筛查工具联合使用的。基层医疗机构是慢阻肺管理的重要场所,本文对国内外基层医疗机构的慢阻肺筛查方法进行综述,探讨中国基层慢阻肺筛查研究中存在的问题以及面临的挑战,旨在为未来开展适宜中国基层医疗机构的慢阻肺筛查研究提供参考。Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)has become one of the diseases seriously affecting public health.The latest study showed that the prevalence of COPD amongst 40 years or older people was 13.7%in China,and estimated that there were 99 million COPD patients in China.However,how to identify such huge population and manage them is a big challenge in China now.Meanwhile,regarding of which screening methods are suitable for primary care has been one of the top questions for research globally in recent years.Currently,screening tools which have been studied more often include screening questionnaires,devices to test peak expiratory flow and microspirometers,and so on.There are also various screening modes,either using the tool alone or in combination.As primary care institutions are important places to manage COPD,this article summarizes the methods of COPD screening in primary care around the world,and discusses the problems and challenges of COPD screening in China's primary care,aiming at providing references for further studying of COPD screening methods suitable for primary care settings in China.

关 键 词：肺疾病 慢性阻塞性 筛查方法 筛查问卷 呼气峰流速仪 微型肺量计 基层医疗 研究现状 

分 类 号：R563.9[医药卫生—呼吸系统]