养老机构老年人跌倒预防措施的证据总结  

A summary evidence of prevention measures of falling down for the elderly in care facilities

作　　者：叶晶[1] 苏莉 周萌[1] 王秀英[1] 郑一梅[1] YE Jing;SU Li;ZHOU Meng;WANG Xiuying;ZHENG Yimei(Peking University First Hospital,Beijing 100034 China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第一医院

出　　处：《护理研究》2019年第24期4240-4246,共7页Chinese Nursing Research

摘　　要：[目的]评价与总结养老机构中老年人跌倒预防效果的最佳证据。[方法]计算机检索Cochrane图书馆、JBI(The Joanna Briggs Institute)循证卫生保健国际合作中心图书馆、加拿大安大略注册护士协会、美国指南网、PubMed、荷兰医学文摘数据库、苏格兰校际指南网络、英国国家临床医学研究所指南网、BMJ最佳实践、中国生物医学文献数据库、万方数据库、中国知网关于养老机构老年人跌倒预防措施的所有指南和系统评价。由3名研究者对文献质量进行评价和资料提取,对符合质量标准的文献进行证据提取。[结果]共纳入8篇文献,包括2篇指南和6篇系统评价。总结的最佳证据包括跌倒风险评估、确保环境安全、鼓励主动参与跌倒预防、健康教育、多因素干预措施、运动干预和活动训练、药物、饮食、辅助工具、足部保健、教育培训共24条。[结论]当前证据建议养老机构的管理者和健康照护者按照相关级别的循证医学证据,对老年人采取跌倒预防措施,确保其安全。Objective:To evaluate and summarize the best available evidences of prevention measures of falling down for the elderly in care facilities.Methods:Guidelines and systematic reviews regarding falling down prevention measures for the elderly in care facilities were collected from Cochrane Library,JBI Library,Registered Nurses′Association of Ontario(RNAO),National Guideline Clearinghouse(NGC),PubMed,EMbase,Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline(SIGN),British Medical Journal Best Practice,BMJ Best Practice,CBM,WanaFang Database and CNKI.The quality evaluation of the literature and data extraction were conducted by three researchers.Then evidence from the literature that met the quality standards was summarized.Results:8 articles were enrolled,including 2 guidelines and 6 systematic reviews.There were 24 best practice evidences,including assessment of fall risks,guarantee of a safe environment,encouragement of initiative participation in fall prevention,health education,multifactorial interventions measures,exercise interventions and physical training,medication,dietary interventions,hip protectors,podiatry interventions and educational training.Conclusion:It is suggested that managers and health caregivers of care facilities should take fall preventions for elderly people based on evidences at relevant levels to ensure their safety.

关 键 词：养老机构 老年人 跌倒 预防措施 循证证据 证据总结 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]