“西秦腔”与庙会信仰的互动衍化——以西府三代名艺人侯烈、孙双田、吕明发师承为例  

The Interaction between the“Western Qin Opera”and Temple Fair Belief——Take the Master-apprentice Relationship among the Three Generations of Famous Artists in West-fu Hou Lie,Sun Shuangtian and LüMingfa as an Example

作　　者：李志鹏 LI Zhi-peng(Baoji Dramatists Association,Baoji 721001,Shaanxi)

机构地区：[1]宝鸡市戏剧家协会

出　　处：《宝鸡文理学院学报（社会科学版）》2019年第6期102-107,共6页Journal of Baoji University of Arts and Sciences：Social Science Edition

基　　金：陕西省社会科学基金项目:陕西地方戏曲现代戏创作及适演性研究(项目编号:12J134)

摘　　要：秦腔的形成发展有多种因素,如果单从近代以来西秦故地的戏俗遗风看,至少可知其衍化时序为“西秦腔”、西府秦腔、现代秦腔三个阶段。与此可为佐证的是西府三代名艺人侯烈、孙双田、吕明发的师承体系。“西秦腔”由一种声腔到一个剧种(剧目、表演体系)的形成,庙会信仰影响是一条重要因素;庙会信仰遗风不仅滋生、促进了“西秦腔”,互动衍化至西府秦腔,其对现代秦腔的发展也不容忽略,许多舞台绝活最早都出自庙会信仰的仪典中;而“西秦腔”声腔及表演风格则更多地传承保留于“陕西四路秦腔”中的西路秦腔(西府秦腔)之中,“西秦腔”在推动庙会信仰不断改进的同时,其声腔(梆子)亦流传广播至我国大江南北十余省。There are many factors in the formation and development of the Qin opera.If we look at the traditional customs of operas in West-fu(the west part of Guanzhong Plain)since modern times,at least we can see the evolution of Qin opera includes three stages:Western Qin opera,West-fu Qin opera,modern Qin opera.This can be proved by the inherent relationship among the three generations of famous artists in West-fu Hou Lie,Sun Shuangtian and LüMingfa.In the formation of Western Qin opera from common systematic tunes to a kind of opera(repertoire and performance system),the influence of temple fair belief is an important factor.The temple fair belief not only breeds and promotes the Western Qin opera,but also evolves interactively to the West-fu Qin opera.It also plays an important role in the development of modern Qin opera.Many stage stunts originated from the rituals of temple fairs.While the tune and performance style of Western Qin opera are more inherited and retained in the West-fu Qin opera of the four branches of Shaanxi opera,the Western Qin opera promotes the continuous improvement of temple fair belief,and its tune(Bangzi)is also spread to more than ten provinces across China.

关 键 词：西秦腔 庙会信仰 西府三代名艺人 现代秦腔 

分 类 号：J825[艺术—戏剧戏曲]