保护矿产资源所有权的法律制度研究  

Research on the Legal System of Protecting the Ownership of Mineral Resources

作　　者：鹿爱莉 LU Aili(Chinese Academy of Natural Resources Economics,Beijing 101149)

机构地区：[1]中国自然资源经济研究院

出　　处：《中国国土资源经济》2019年第12期21-24,30,共5页Natural Resource Economics of China

基　　金：矿法三个配套法规修改及涉及的相关法律法规研究(F015-2019)

摘　　要：保护矿产资源所有权的含义不仅包括保护国家所有权,同时也包括保护探矿权和采矿权。对矿产资源所有权的侵权行为包括因对所有权归属的错误认识发生的侵权、进入未设定矿业权的区域侵害国家所有权、对所有权派生的探矿权和采矿权的侵犯和对所有权客体矿产资源的侵害。《矿产资源法》修改时在法律制度设计上应以保护矿产资源所有权为主线,合理设计保护矿产资源所有权的法律制度,既要采取积极的保护方法,也要采取消极的保护方法,在法律责任中要利用行政法、民法、刑法对产权保护的多种手段保护矿产资源所有权;监管矿产资源使用情况应当从采矿权授让阶段开始;合理设计采矿权的开采年限、开采范围、方法、矿种、各类标准等制度;减少对采矿权人生产经营的行政干预;加强生态环境保护制度设计。The meaning of protecting the ownership of mineral resources includes not only protecting the State ownership,but also protecting the exploration rights and mining rights.The infringements of the ownership of mineral resources include the infringement due to the wrong understanding of the ownership,the infringement on the State ownership when entering the area without the mining right,the infringement on the exploration rights and mining rights and the infringement on the mineral resources.When revising the“Mineral Resources Law”,the protection of the ownership of mineral resources must be taken as the thread in the design of the legal system.In order to design a reasonable legal system to protect the ownership of mineral resources,not only positive but also negative protection methods should be adopted.In the legal liability,administrative law,civil law and criminal law should be used with various methods to protect the ownership of mineral resources.Supervision of the use of mineral resources should start from the granting stage of mining rights;reasonably design the system of mining period,mining scope,methods,minerals species,various standards of mining right;reduce administrative interference in the production and management of mining rights holders;and strengthen the design of ecological and environmental protection system.

关 键 词：矿产资源所有权 探矿权 采矿权 法律制度 矿产资源法 保护 

分 类 号：F407.1[经济管理—产业经济] F062.1