台湾海峡西岸台风大风特征及极端大风典型个例分析  

Characteristics of strong typhoon wind and typical cases of extreme wind on the west coast of the Taiwan Strait,China

作　　者：林小红[1] 吴幸毓[1] 陈淼[1] 李雅芬[1] 刘锦绣 陈彬 LIN Xiao-hong;WU Xing-yu;CHEN Miao;LI Ya-fen;LIU Jin-xiu;CHEN Bin(Fujian Meteorological Observatory,Fuzhou 350001,China;Zhangzhou Meteorological Service Center of Fujian Province,Zhangzhou 363000,China;China National Network Fujian Electric Power Company Limited Electric Power Science Research Institute,Fuzhou 350000,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省气象台,福建福州350001 [2]漳州市气象服务中心,福建漳州363000 [3]国网福建省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,福建福州350000

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2019年第6期93-100,共8页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：中国气象局预报员专项(CMAYBY2017-035);国家公益性行业(气象)科研专项(201406032);福建省科技计划项目(2017Y0063);福建省气象局2019年度开放式基金项目(海峡所)(2019KH01)共同资助

摘　　要：利用1987-2016年福建省沿海台风大风资料、美国NCEP再分析资料和FY2C卫星云顶亮温(TBB)资料,采用统计和天气学诊断方法,对台湾海峡西岸台风大风和极端大风进行定义并对特征进行分析。结果表明:台湾海峡西岸台风大风以7-9级为主,极端大风在10-14级,海峡西岸中部是大风重灾区。将研究时段内的台风大风样本按路径归为4类,发现产生大风的台风以登陆闽中北-浙中和登陆闽南-粤东路径居多,大风区总体位于登陆台风路径的右侧。对0608号"桑美"和1614号"莫兰蒂"产生极端大风的典型个例对比研究发现,地面北高南低形势及气压梯度越密集越有利于大风提早产生,台风上空中层冷平流侵入激发低层中尺度对流发展强盛是导致地面大风增强的可能成因。Based on the strong wind data of the coastal stations in Fujian province from 1987 to 2016,the NCEP reanalysis data and FY2C satellite TBB data,the typhoon gale and extreme gale on the west coast of the Taiwan Strait in China were defined and analyzed by using statistical and meteorological diagnostic methods.The results show that the typhoon gale on the west coast of the Taiwan Strait in China is mainly 7-9 grade and the extreme gale is 10-14 grade.The central region of the west coast is a windy disaster area.The typhoon samples in the studied period are classified into four types according to their paths.As a result,it is found that the most typhoons that produce strong wind land at the central region of Fujian to the central region of Zhejiang and the south of Fujian to the east of Guangdong,and the strong wind regions are generally located on the right of the paths.Meanwhile,two typical cases of typhoons named 0608 Sangmei and 1614 Meranti which produce extreme wind are compared and investigated.The results show that the terrain which are high in the north and low in the south and the strong pressure gradient is in favor of early producing the gale.In addition,the stimulated growth of the mesoscale convection in the lower layer with cold advection invading in the middle layer over typhoons is the cause enhancing the ground gale.

关 键 词：台湾海峡西岸 台风大风 极端大风 

分 类 号：P458.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]