种子生长法构筑超疏水-超亲油滤纸及其在油水分离中的应用  

Construction of Superhydrophobic-Superoleophilic Filter Paper by Seed Growing Method and Its Application in Oil-water Separation

作　　者：杨福生 张妍 刘小斌 陈永哲 杨武[2,3] YANG Fusheng;ZHANG Yan;LIU Xiaobin;CHEN Yongzhe;YANG Wu(College of Automotive Engineering,Lanzhou Institute of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Ministry of Education,Key Laboratory of Ecological-environment-related Polymer Materials,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州工业学院汽车工程学院,兰州730050 [2]西北师范大学化学化工学院,兰州730070 [3]西北师范大学化学化工学院生态环境相关高分子材料教育部重点实验室,兰州730070

出　　处：《材料导报》2020年第4期132-136,共5页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(20873101);甘肃省高等学校创新能力提升项目(2019A-139);兰州工业学院青年科技创新项目(19K-012)~~

摘　　要：近年来,原油和工业有机溶剂的泄漏严重破坏了生物赖以生存的生态环境。为了净化被油污染的水域,寻求一种快速、高效的油水分离材料迫在眉睫。利用原位还原法和种子生长法在滤纸表面自组装一层纳米银颗粒,经十二烷基硫醇接枝改性降低其表面能,成功制备具有耐化学腐蚀、热稳定性好、油水分离特性优异的超疏水-超亲油滤纸。采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、接触角测试仪对超疏水-超亲油滤纸进行表征,结果表明水滴在其表面的最大接触角为155°,滚动角小于5°,而油滴能瞬间透过滤纸,对各种油水混合液具有较高的分离能力,油水分离效率高达88%,分离后对收集的油进行红外光谱分析,并没有检测到明显的水峰。超疏水-超亲油滤纸制备过程简易、纳米银和滤纸之间的粘附力强,在油水分离中有较好的应用前景。In recent years,the leakage of crude oil and industrial organic solvents has seriously damaged the ecological environment where the orga-nisms live.It was urgent to purify the water polluted by oil and search for a fast and efficient oil-water separation material.In this paper,a la-yer of silver nanoparticles was assembled on the surface of filter paper by in-situ reduction method and seed growth method,its surface energy was reduced by grafting modification of dodecyl thiol and the superhydrophobic-superoleophilic filter paper with chemical corrosion resistance,thermal stability and excellent oil-water separation characteristics was successfully prepared.The superhydrophobic-superoleophilic filter paper was characterized by scanning electron microscope,X-ray diffractometer and contact angle tester.The results show the maximum contact angle of water droplet on the surface is 155°,rolling angle is less than 5°,the oil droplets can instantly through the filter paper,having high capacity of separation a variety of oil-water mixture,and oil-water separation efficiency is as high as 88%.Meanwhile,the oil which has been separated from water was analyzed by infrared spectrum,and there is no clear water peak was detected.So superhydrophobic-superoleophilic filter paper has a good application prospect in oil-water separation,because its preparation process was simple and the adhesion between silver nanometer and filter paper was strong.

关 键 词：滤纸 超疏水 超亲油 油水分离 

分 类 号：TG174.451[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理] O647.5[金属学及工艺—金属学]