全面抗战爆发前后国民政府的现金移运  

Cash Transportation of the Nationalist Government before and after the Outbreak of the Total War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression

作　　者：潘晓霞[1] Pan Xiaoxia

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院近代史研究所

出　　处：《抗日战争研究》2019年第4期28-37,M0003,共11页Studies of the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“近代中国金融风潮中的非常与日常研究”(18BZS091)的阶段研究成果

摘　　要：1937年前后,面对有可能爆发的大规模中日战争,国民政府未雨绸缪,展开财政动员。其中,在关涉战争所需资金这一最表面也最核心的部分,做了大量工作。大规模的现金内运和外运,使中国金融在全面战争爆发后,最大限度地避免了损失,形成战争初期财政坚固和外汇稳定的状态。这些无形中为全面抗战爆发初期政府信誉和社会信心的树立奠定了基础。不过国民政府抢运钞券现银的行动,很大程度上又是被动的。钞券内移与现银外运、不同地区存银外运的缓急,基本上取决于日本对华侵略战争的下一个具体目标,国民政府未能作出一个整体规划的移运方案。Around 1937,in the face of a possible large scale Sino Japanese war,the nationalist government made plans in advance and launched financial mobilization.Among them,the financial mobilization of the nationalist government did a lot of works about funds,the most superficial and core part,needed by the war.Large scale internal and external cash transportation prevented Chinese finance to suffer losses to the maximum extent after the outbreak of the total war,forming a situation of financial firmness and foreign exchange stability at the beginning of the war.These virtually laid the foundation for the establishment of government credibility and social confidence in the early days of the total war.However,to a great extent,the action of the nationalist government to transport cash,bonds and silver was passive.The internal movement of cash and bonds and the external transportation of silver,the priorities of silver transportation in different areas,basically depended on the next specific goal of Japan s aggressive war.The nationalist government failed to make an overall plan for the transportation of those things.

关 键 词：现银 蒋介石 孔祥熙 财政动员 

分 类 号：F83[经济管理—金融学]