我国沙蟒属种群现状及生境选择研究  

Population status and habitat selection of genus Eryx in China

作　　者：龚大洁[1] 贺俊生 黄棨通 刘开明 GONG Da-jie;HE Jun-sheng;HUANG Qi-tong;LIU Kai-ming(College of Life Science,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China;Lanzhou Forty-ninth Middle School,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China;Gansu Liancheng National Nature Reserve Bureau,Yongdeng 730330,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学生命科学学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]兰州市第四十九中学,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘肃连城国家级自然保护区管理局,甘肃永登730330

出　　处：《西北师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第1期78-84,共7页Journal of Northwest Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家林业和草原局资助项目(2030211)

摘　　要：沙蟒作为一类生存于沙漠的古老爬行动物和荒漠生态系统的重要组成部分,在维持荒漠生态平衡等方面起着极其重要的作用.随着全球变化和人类活动的干扰,沙蟒种群已经发生较大的变化,因此有必要开展调查沙蟒种群现状的研究.文中结合我国西北荒漠自然地理环境与沙蟒生物学习性,并以样线法为主、样点法和样方法为辅,共计设置样地16个,调查了解我国分布沙蟒属物种的种群现状及生境选择偏好.结果发现,沙蟒在我国主要分布于蒙新高原内蒙古中西部、宁夏北部、甘肃河西走廊和新疆吐哈盆地、准噶尔盆地、伊犁河谷以及塔里木盆地周边地区;虽然种群数量以古尔班通古特沙漠最多,但每平方公里大于1条的生境面积很小.进一步通过年龄结构分析发现,我国分布的沙蟒总体上呈较弱的下降型趋势;沙蟒偏好在长有梭梭、红柳群的半固定沙丘、灌丛沙土地、沙土质农田、固定沙丘、盐碱化程度不高的灌丛盐碱地,且有大量蜥蜴类、啮齿类动物生存的区域中活动;此外,影响沙蟒分布的生境因子还包括沙土的松散程度、颗粒大小等.As an ancient reptile and important component in desert ecosystem,the Eryx plays a significant role in ecological balance.Despite greater changes in Eryx population due to global changes and human activities,few studies specially focus on their current status.In this study,we set up 16 sampling sites to investigate the population and habit choice and found that the Eryx mainly distributed in the central and western Inner Mongolia,northern Ningxia,Gansu Hexi Corridor and Xinjiang Turpan-Hami Basin,Junggar Basin,Yili River Valley and the surrounding area of the Tarim Basin in the Mongolian Plateau.Among these regions,the highest population occurred in Xinjiang Turpan-Hami Basin with more than one per square kilometer.We further studied age structure and found that the population exhibited declining trend.The Eryx preferred to some habits,such as haloxylon ammodendron,semi-fixed dunes with red willow group,shrub sand land,sand soil farmland,fixed dune,salinization.Additionally,the degree of sand loose and their particle size determined the Eryx distribution.

关 键 词：沙蟒属 种群现状 生境选择 干旱区 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]