遵义市九叶青花椒气候适宜性区划研究  

Study on climatic ecological zoning of Zanthoxylum Bungeanum in Zunyi

作　　者：敖芹 左晋[1] 谢和林 罗晓松 刘元士[3] 谭昊 张云秋 AO Qin;ZUO Jin;XIE Helin;LUO Xiaosong;LIU Yuanshi;TAN Hao;ZHANG Yunqiu(Guizhou Ecological Meteorology&Satellite Remote Sensing Center,Guiyang 550002,China;Zunyi Meteorological Bureau,Zunyi 563002,China;Zunyi Fruit and Vegetable Workstation Zunyi 563000,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省生态气象和卫星遥感中心,贵州贵阳550002 [2]贵州省遵义市气象局,贵州遵义563002 [3]贵州省遵义市果蔬工作站,贵州遵义563000

出　　处：《中低纬山地气象》2019年第6期50-55,共6页Mid-low Latitude Mountain Meteorology

基　　金：中国气象局气候变化专项(CCSF201939):气候变化对贵州错季蔬菜气候适应性的影响评估;贵州省气象局科研业务项目(黔气科登[2019]08-01号):遵义市花椒气候适宜性区划研究

摘　　要：为探讨影响花椒生长发育的主要气候资源和受气象灾害的影响因子,该文根据不同品种的花椒对气候生态条件要求的差异,分析遵义与花椒优生区(重庆江津)气候条件的异同及花椒生长需要的气候特性,确定影响遵义市花椒区域分布差异的主要气候生态区划指标,并利用ArcGIS和数字高程模型(DEM)对遵义市种植花椒进行气候生态精细化区划。结果表明:九叶青花椒适宜栽培区主要分布在遵义市西部和北部海拔800 m以下地区,种植区内热量条件充足,冬季遭受低温冻害风险相对小;次适宜栽培区主要分布在遵义市中部和东南部等海拔在600~1000 m的地区,冬季遭受低温冻害风险增大,在25%~40%之间,建议做好防冻措施;不适宜区分布在习水、大娄山脉等海拔在1000 m以上的区域,花椒冬季遭受低温冻害风险较大,在50%以上。In order to explore the main climatic resources affecting the growth and development of Zanthoxylum Bungeanum and factors affected by meteorological disasters,according to the different varieties of Zanthoxylum Bungeanum to different climate requirements,this paper analyzed the climate similarities and differences of Zunyi and Zanthoxylum Bungeanum District(Chongqing Jiangjing)and the climate characteristics,the main climatic and ecological zoning indexes that affecting the regional distribution difference of Zanthoxylum in Zunyi were determined,and the Arcgis and DEM were used to divide the zanthoxylum zones ecologically in Zunyi.The results show that the suitable cultivation area of Zanthoxylum Bungeanum was mainly distributed in the area below 800 meters above sea level in the west and north of the city.The heat in this area was sufficient and the risk of low temperature damage in winter was relatively less.Sub-suitable cultivation areas were mainly distributed in the middle and southeast of the city and other areas with an elevation of 600 meters to 1,000 meters.In winter,the risk of low temperature damage increased,between 25%and 40%.It is suggested that anti-freezing measures should be taken.The unsuitable areas were distributed in Xishui,Daloushan mountains at an altitude of 1000 meters above sea level,where the risk of freeze damage in winter was so high that it could be above 50%.

关 键 词：遵义 花椒 GIS 气候生态区划 

分 类 号：S573[农业科学—作物学] S162.2