母带犊牛与离母犊牛生长性能和血清生化、抗氧化、免疫指标的比较研究  

Comparative Study on Growth Performance and Serum Biochemical,Antioxidant and Immune Indexes between Calves with Dam and Calves without Dam

作　　者：李梦雅 袁梅 王之盛[1] 万发春[2] 薛白[1] 王立志[1] 安添午[3] 彭全辉[1] LI Mengya;YUAN Mei;WANG Zhisheng;WAN Fachun;XUE Bai;WANG Lizhi;AN Tianwu;PENG Quanhui(Low Carbon Breeding Cattle and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Animal Nutrition Institute,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China;Sichuan Institute of Grassland Science,Chengdu 611731,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物营养研究所,牛低碳养殖与安全生产重点实验室,成都611130 [2]山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,济南250100 [3]四川省草原科学研究院,成都611731

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2019年第12期5571-5581,共11页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0501801)

摘　　要：本试验旨在比较母带犊牛与离母犊牛生长性能和血清生化、抗氧化、免疫指标的差异。选取10头出生日期和体重相近的健康新生犊牛(西杂牛♂×犏牛♀)作为对照组,采用母带犊牛的方式进行培育;另外购进相同品种的出生日期和体重相近的健康犊牛25头作为试验组,犊牛出生后未采食初乳,全程饲喂代乳粉。2组犊牛10日龄后自由采食相同的饲粮。试验期为90 d。结果表明:1)离母犊牛的体重在30、60和90日龄均显著低于母带犊牛(P<0.05),离母犊牛的平均日增重在1~30日龄、31~60日龄、61~90日龄和1~90日龄均显著低于母带犊牛(P<0.05)。离母犊牛的死亡率高于母带犊牛。2)30日龄时,离母犊牛血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)的活性显著高于母带犊牛(P<0.05)。60日龄时,离母犊牛血清AST和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)的活性显著高于母带犊牛(P<0.05)。90日龄时,2组间血清ALT、AST和ALP的活性差异不显著(P>0.05)。3)30和90日龄时,离母犊牛血清总抗氧化能力显著低于母带犊牛(P<0.05),血清丙二醛的含量显著高于母带犊牛(P<0.05)。4)30、60和90日龄时,离母犊牛血清免疫球蛋白G的含量显著低于母带犊牛(P<0.05)。30日龄时,离母犊牛血清干扰素-γ、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和白细胞介素-2(IL-2)的含量显著高于母带犊牛(P<0.05)。60日龄时,离母犊牛血清IL-2和TNF-α的含量显著低于母带犊牛(P<0.05)。90日龄时,离母犊牛血清白细胞介素-4的含量显著高于母带犊牛(P<0.05)。综上,离母犊牛的机体抗氧化能力和免疫功能均低于母带犊牛,因而死亡率高。但60日龄后,离母犊牛与母带犊牛间的免疫功能差异降低。新生犊牛在不能采食初乳情况下,完全采用代乳粉饲喂,可以存活一部分。This experiment was conducted to compare the growth performance and serum biochemical,antioxidant and immune indexes between calves with dam and calves without dam. Ten healthy newborn calves(Simmental crossbred ♂×Pian cattle ♀) with similar birth and body weight were selected as the control group,and the calves were cultivated with heifers;whereas another 25 same breed calves with similar birth and body weight were bought as the experimental group,and the calves were cultivated without feeding colostrum and fed with milk replacer during the whole experimental period. Calves in the two groups were fed the same diet after 10 days of age. The experiment lasted for 90 days. The results showed as follows: 1) the body weight of calves without dam at 30,60 and 90 days of age was significantly lower than that of calves with dam(P <0.05),and the average daily gain of calves without dam during 1 to 30 days of age,31 to 60 days of age,61 to 90 days of age and 1 to 90 days of age was significantly lower than that of calves with dam(P<0.05). The mortality rate of calves without dam was significantly higher than that of calves with dam(P<0.05). 2) On 30 days of age,the activities of alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) in serum of calves without dam were significantly higher than those of calves with dam(P<0.05). On 60 days of age,the activities of AST and alkaline phosphatase(ALP) in serum of calves without dam were significantly higher than those of calves with dam(P<0.05). On 90 days of age,no significant differences were observed in activities of ALT,AST and ALP in serum between two groups(P>0.05). 3) On 30 and 90 days of age,the serum total antioxidant capacity of calves without dam was significantly lower than that of calves with dam(P <0.05),and the serum malondialdehyde content was significantly higher than that of calves with dam(P <0.05). 4) On 30,60 and 90 days of age,the serum immunoglobulin G content of calves without dam was significantly lower than that of calves with dam(P < 0

关 键 词：离母犊牛 母带犊牛 抗氧化 免疫 死亡率 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]