多频谱复合干扰剂的制备及遮蔽性能  

Preparation and Shielding Performance of Multi-spectral Composite Interfering Agent

作　　者：陈浩 高欣宝 张倩 李天鹏 杨洋 CHEN Hao;GAO Xin⁃bao;ZHANG Qian;LI Tian⁃peng;YANG Yang(Shijiazhuang Campus of Army University of Engineering,Shijiazhuang 050003,China;Army Equipment of Beijing Military Delegation Office,Beijing 100166,China)

机构地区：[1]陆军工程大学石家庄校区,河北石家庄050003 [2]陆军装备部驻北京地区代表局,北京100166

出　　处：《含能材料》2020年第1期76-82,共7页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：武器装备预研项目(30107030803)

摘　　要：为探索多频谱复合干扰剂最佳配方,改进生产工艺,提高其在可见光、红外、毫米波等多个波段的干扰性能,采用材料改性技术制备了碳纳米管/石墨烯/碳轻质复合材料;采用复配技术,制备了"碳纳米管/石墨烯/碳复合材料+碳纤维"多频谱复合干扰剂。以各波段的质量消光系数之和作为评价指标,不同粒径的纳米管/石墨烯/碳复合材料(A)、不同状态的碳纤维(B)、不同配比(C)、不同混制溶液(D)作为因素,通过正交试验法分析了各因素对干扰剂性能的影响。基于烟箱实验,根据"朗伯-比尔"定律,计算了烟幕的质量消光系数。结果表明:因素A和因素C的极差分别为1.48和1.43,为影响复合干扰剂综合遮蔽性能的主要因素;因素B和因素D的极差分别为0.32和0.52,为次要影响因素。其最佳制备条件为:选用粒径D50为4.2μm的碳纳米管/石墨烯/碳复合材料与通过800℃焙烧的碳纤维,按照质量比为85∶15,在乙醇溶液中混合制备。在该条件下制备的多频谱复合干扰剂,对可见光、近红外、中红外和远红外的透过率小于5%,有效遮蔽时间大于300 s;对3 mm波和8 mm波衰减值可达-14 dB和-15.65 dB,有效遮蔽时间大于30s;该条件下制备的复合干扰剂具有较好的多频谱遮蔽性能。In order to explore the optimal formulation of multi-spectral composite interfering agents and improve their interference performance in multiple wavelengths such as visible light,infrared and millimeter wave,carbon nanotube/grapheme/carbon lightweight composites were prepared by the combination of material modification technology. The compound dispensing technology is used to prepare the multi-spectral composite interfering agents of"carbon nanotube/graphene/carbon composite material+carbon fiber". Taking the sum of mass extinction coefficients of each band as the evaluation indicator,the different particle sizes of nanotubes/grapheme/carbon composite materials(A),different states of carbon fiber(B),different mass ratios of carbon fiber(C),and the different mixed solutions(D)as factors,the effects of various factors on the performance of the interfering agents were analyzed by the orthogonal experiment method. Based on the smoke box experiment,the mass extinction coefficient of the smoke screen was calculated according to the "Lambert-Beer" law. Results show that the extreme differences of factor A and factor C are 1.48 and 1.43,respectively,which are the main influencing factors on the overall shielding performance of composite interfering agents. The extreme differences of factor B and factor D are 0.32 and 0.52,respectively,which are the secondary influencing factors. The optimal preparation conditions are as follows:a carbon nanotube/graphene/carbon composite material having a particle diameter D50 of 4.2 μm and a carbon fiber calcined at 800 ℃,which are mixed at a mass ratio of 85∶15 in an ethanol solution. The multi-spectral composite interfering agent prepared under those conditions has a transmittance of visible,near-infrared,mid-infrared and far-infrared light of less than 5% with an effective shielding time being more than 300 s,and an attenuation value of up to-14 dB and-15.65 dB on 3 mm and 8 mm wavebands with an effective masking time being greater than 30 s. The composite interfering agent pre

关 键 词：碳纳米管 石墨烯 碳纤维 复合干扰剂 多频谱遮蔽 

分 类 号：TJ530.4[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] TQ567.5[化学工程—炸药化工]