鄱阳湖沉积物重金属质量基准研究及其生态风险评估  

Study on the sediment quality criteria and ecological risk assessment for heavy metals in Poyang Lake

作　　者：江良 弓晓峰 袁少芬 章绍康 JIANG Liang;GONG Xiaofeng;YUAN Shaofen;ZHANG Shaokang(Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization,Ministry of Education,School of Resources Environmental&Chemical Engineering,Nanchang University,Nanchang Jiangxi 330031)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学资源环境与化工学院鄱阳湖环境与资源利用教育部重点实验室

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2020年第1期94-100,共7页Environmental Pollution & Control

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（No.2017ZX07301002-05）;国家自然科学基金资助项目（No.41761095）

摘　　要：为有效保护鄱阳湖流域水环境质量和水生态系统健康,对鄱阳湖19个采样点的表层沉积物样品及其孔隙水中的4种典型重金属(Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd)含量及赋存形态进行了测定,利用相平衡分配法(EqPA)初步探讨了沉积物重金属质量基准,并以此为评价标准,采用潜在生态风险指数法对鄱阳湖沉积物重金属生态风险进行评估。基于物种敏感度分布(SSD)法确立的重金属水质基准,建立沉积物重金属质量基准低值(SQC-L,Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd的SQC-L分别为57.37、49.40、98.51、2.74mg/kg)和高值(SQC-H,Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd的SQC-H分别为140.86、710.45、189.06、47.20mg/kg),经过对比分析,推荐采用SQC-H和SQC-L为鄱阳湖流域沉积物重金属质量基准。以SQC-L为评价标准,采用潜在生态风险指数法,对鄱阳湖19个采样点的生态风险进行评估,发现鄱阳湖流域受到了一定程度重金属污染,主要集中在南部湖区,具有一定的生态风险。To effectively protect the water environment quality and water ecosystem health of the Poyang Lake Basin,surface sediment and pore water samples were collected from 19 sampling points in Poyang Lake to detect concentrations and the chemical speciation of 4 typical heavy metals(Cu,Pb,Zn and Cd).The sediment quality criteria(SQC)for Cu,Pb,Zn and Cd in sediments was preliminarily established by equilibrium partitioning approach(EqPA),and potential ecological risk assessment of the heavy metals in sediments based on the SQC calculated in this study was also evaluated by using pollution index method.The results showed that the calculated SQC low values(SQC-L)of Cu,Pb,Zn and Cd based on heavy metal water quality criteria established by species sensitivity distribution(SSD)were 57.37,49.40,98.51 and 2.74 mg/kg,with SQC high values(SQC-H)140.86,710.45,189.06 and 47.20 mg/kg.It was recommended to use SQC-L and SQC-H as SQC for heavy metal in Poyang Lake.Talking the SQC-L as evaluation standard to assess the ecological risk of 19 sampling points in Poyang Lake based on potential ecological risk index method,the results showed that Poyang Lake had been polluted to a certain extent by heavy metal and had certain ecological risks,mainly distributed in sourhern area.

关 键 词：鄱阳湖 重金属 沉积物质量基准 相平衡分配法 生态风险评估 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]