从“自然的平衡”走向“自然的流变”——生态学的后现代意蕴  

From "Natural Balance" to "Natural Evolution":Postmodern Implications of Ecology

作　　者：江学如 JIANG Xue-ru(Department of Philosophy,Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院研究生院哲学系

出　　处：《长沙理工大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第1期6-12,共7页Journal of Changsha University of Science and Technology：Social Science

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(16ZDA112)

摘　　要：不同于传统科学,生态学处在一种“诗意的栖居”中。贯穿数个世纪,人们借助于隐喻,将自然拟作一个生命、机器、超级有机体、生态系统乃至生态网络。对自然的认识从“自然的平衡”走向“自然的流变”,从“有序”渐入“无序”,这种范式的转变彰显了科学中文化建构的品质,促使我们深化对生态世界的理解。这并非是一个不断“逼近”自然、“发现”自然的实在论过程,而更多的是带有文化意蕴、建构主义特征的后现代思潮,值得我们进行哲学层面的审视。Unlike traditional science,ecology is in a"poetic habitat".Through the centuries,people have used metaphor to imagine nature as a life,a machine,a super organism,an ecosystem,or even an ecological network.The understanding of nature has shifted from"balance of nature"to"changes in nature"and gradually from"orderliness"to"disorderliness".This paradigm shift highlights the quality of cultural construction in science and prompts us to deepen our understanding of the ecological world.This is not a realist process of"approaching"and"discovering"nature,but more a post-modern trend of thought with cultural connotation and constructivism,which is worthy of our philosophical examination.

关 键 词：自然的平衡 自然的流变 生态学 后现代 

分 类 号：N031[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]