大连新港附近海域的水动力环境特征分析研究  

Study on Hydrodynamic Characteristics in Sea Area near the Dalian New Port

作　　者：胡超魁[1] 李楠[1] 赵海勃[1] 田金[1] 李安龙 王昆[1] HU Chao-kui;LI Nan;ZHAO Hai-bo;TIAN jin;LI An-long;WANG Kun(Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省海洋水产科学研究院

出　　处：《海岸工程》2019年第4期272-279,共8页Coastal Engineering

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金项目——基于数值模型的褐潮漂移预测模拟研究(20180551183)

摘　　要：为了解近年大连新港附近海域的水动力环境特征,基于大连新港附近海域一个潮位观测站和3个海流观测站的同步连续潮位和海流实测数据,分别采用潮汐调和分析与海流矢量分析的方法,获得常江咀验潮站13个主要分潮的调和常数,并详细分析研究了该海域的潮汐和海流特征。研究结果表明:该海域平均潮位为0.68 m,最高潮位为2.91 m,最低潮位为-1.1 m,平均潮差为2.73 m,最大潮差为3.71 m,平均涨潮历时6 h 6 min,平均落潮历时6 h 18 min;潮汐性质为规则半日潮,最大可能潮差为5.2 m;海流具有明显的往复流特征,垂向流速有逐渐减小的趋势,观测站位一般呈现表层最大、中层次之、底层最小的特点。对该海域的水动力环境特征的研究能够为该海域的水体环境保护及海洋灾害预警与防治提供基础数据,为政府部门制定相关的海洋防灾减灾决策提供技术支撑。In order to understand the hydrodynamic characteristics in the sea area near the Dalian New Port in recent years,harmonic constants of 13 main tidal components are obtained at the Changjiangzui tidal station and the characteristics of tide and current in the sea area near the Dalian New Port are analyzed in detail based on the tidal level and current data measured synchronously and continuously at one tidal level station and three current stations and by means of tidal harmonic analysis and current vector analysis.The results show that in the study area the average tide level is 0.68m,the highest tide level is 2.91 m,the lowest tide level is-1.1 m,the average tidal range is 2.73 m,the maximum tidal range is 3.71 m,the average rising-tide duration is 6 hours and 6 minutes and the average ebb-tide duration is 6 hours and 18 minutes.The tidal nature belongs to regular semidiurnal tide and the possible maximum tidal range is 5.2 m.The tidal current in the study area has the character of rectilinear current and tends to decrease in its vertical velocity gradually.At a station,the current velocity is generally maximal at the surface,shows next in the middle layer and becomes minimal at the bottom.This study can not only provide basic data for the water environment protection and marine disaster early warning in the study area,but also offer technical supports for government department to make relevant marine disaster prevention and mitigation decisions.

关 键 词：大连新港 水动力环境特征 调和分析 

分 类 号：P731[天文地球—海洋科学]