大田与盆栽条件下重金属镉赋存形态差异  

Differences of heavy metal cadmium fractions in field-pot planting

作　　者：彭云霄 彭炜东 余江[1,2] 邓思维 贺玉龙[1,2] 常家华 谢世前 PENG Yun-xiao;PENG Wei-dong;YU Jiang;DENG Si-wei;HE Yu-long;CHANG Jia-hua;XIE Shi-qian(College of Architecture and Environment,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;Institute of New Energy and Low Carbon Technology,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学建筑与环境学院,四川成都610065 [2]四川大学新能源与低碳技术研究院,四川成都610065

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2019年第6期1368-1373,共6页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1802605);四川省科技重点攻关项目(2017GZ0383、2017SZ0181)

摘　　要：为探究大田和盆栽2种种植条件下重金属镉赋存形态的差异性,选取成都平原具有代表性的3种水稻种植区(青白江、邛崃和崇州),结合野外定点与盆栽培育试验,比较2种种植条件下土壤重金属镉的赋存形态及其含量变化。结果显示,水稻成熟期大田土壤中镉各形态比例为:水溶态、交换态及碳酸盐结合态(F1)16.86%、铁锰氧化物结合态(F2)22.04%、有机物及硫化物结合态(F3)3.12%、残渣态(F4)57.98%,盆栽土壤中镉各形态比例为:F117.25%、F219.78%、F33.40%、F459.57%,均表现为F4>F2>F1>F3,且盆栽试验土壤中残渣态Cd所占比例在3个试验土壤中均有所增加;盆栽种植水稻各部位对镉的富集量和富集系数均高于大田水稻。该研究结果验证了盆栽试验的可行性,并且揭示了水稻根部的生长发育情况是盆栽试验和大田试验结果差异的关键性因素。In order to explore the differences of heavy metal cadmium(Cd)fractions between the field and potted cultivation conditions,three representative rice planting areas(Qingbaijiang,Qionglai and Chongzhou)in Chengdu Plain were selected in this study.The occurrence forms and content of heavy metal cadmium in soil were compared under the conditions of field site-specific cultivation and indoor pot cultivation.The speciation ratios of cadmium in soil at maturity stage of rice under two cultivation conditions were analyzed.The results showed the the water soluble,exchangeable and carbonate-bound fractions(F1),Fe-Mn oxide-bound fractions(F2),organic-sulfide matter-bound fractions(F3),residual fraction Cd(F4)accounted for 16.86%,22.04%,3.12%,57.98%under field cultivation condition,and accounted for 17.25%,19.78%,3.40%,59.57%under potted cultivation condition,both expressed as F4>F2>F1>F3.In addition,the proportion of residual fraction Cd(F4)in potted soils was increased in all three research areas,and the enrichment and enrichment coefficient of cadmium in all parts of rice were higher than those in field plants.The resutls of this study verified the feasibility of pot experiment,and revealed that the growth state of rice roots was the key factor leading to the differences between pot experiment and field experiment.

关 键 词：镉 赋存形态 大田 盆栽 土壤 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]