基于不同类型秸秆制备的生物炭对稻田土壤温室气体排放的影响  

Effects of biochar based on different types of straw on greenhouse gas emission from paddy soil

作　　者：涂保华 胡茜 张艺 符菁 肖娴 孙悦 赵远 TU Bao-hua;HU Qian;ZHANG Yi;FU Jing;XIAO Xian;SUN Yue;ZHAO Yuan(School of Environmental and Safety Engineering,Changzhou University,Changzhou 213164,China)

机构地区：[1]常州大学环境与安全工程学院

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2019年第6期1374-1380,共7页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：常州市科技支撑计划(社会发展)项目(CE20175060);国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAC02B02-01)

摘　　要：为了探究不同种类生物炭配施化肥对土壤温室气体CO 2、CH 4、N 2 O排放的影响,本研究采用盆栽和大田试验,以小麦秸秆炭(WBC)、水稻秸秆炭(RBC)、玉米秸秆炭(CBC)为试验材料,在配施化肥的条件下,对各处理的土壤温室气体CO 2、CH 4、N 2 O排放量和土壤pH值进行分析。结果表明:与施用常规肥料(CK)相比,在盆栽试验中添加生物炭可以显著降低土壤中CH 4、N 2 O的排放量,增加CO 2排放量,WBC、RBC和CBC处理的CH 4排放量分别降低了46.05%、44.82%和39.62%,N 2 O排放量分别降低了17.20%、27.96%、26.88%,CO 2排放量分别增加了22.04%、17.83%和25.29%,大田试验结果与盆栽试验结果总体相似。与CK相比,添加生物炭可以显著降低全球变暖潜能值(GWP),降低温室效应的影响。同时添加生物炭可以提高土壤的pH值,水稻生育前期增幅尤为明显。In order to explore the effects of different biochar combined with fertilizer on the emissions of soil greenhouse gases(CO2,CH4 and N2O),the pot and field experiments were conducted.Using wheat straw biochar(WBC),rice straw biochar(RBC)and corn straw biochar(CBC)as materials,the emissions of soil greenhouse gases(CO 2,CH 4,N 2O)and soil pH were analyzed under the conditions of chemical fertilizer application.The results showed that compared with conventional fertilizer(CK),the application of biochar in pot experiment could significantly reduce CH 4 and N2O emissions and increase CO2 emissions.The emission of CH 4 treated by WBC,RBC and CBC decreased by 46.05%,44.82%and 39.62%respectively,the emission of N2O decreased by 17.20%,27.96%and 26.88%respectively,and the emission of CO2 increased by 22.04%,17.83%and 25.29%respectively.The trend of these indices in field experiment and pot experiment was comparable.Compared with the control,the application of biochar could dramatically reduce the global warming potential(GWP),and decrease the impact of the greenhouse effect.The application of biochar could improve the soil pH value,especially at the early growth stage of rice.

关 键 词：生物炭 温室气体 全球变暖潜能值(GWP) 稻田 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] S154.1